| Comamonas aquatica (Aquaspirillum aquaticum) |
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Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Pseudomonadota (Proteobacteria), Class Betaproteobacteria, Order Neisseriales, Family Chromobacteriaceae, Genus
Aquaspirillum, Aquaspirillum aquaticum Hylemon et al. 1973.
Moved to Class Betaproteobacteria, Order Burkholderiales, Family Comamonadaceae, Genus Comamonas, Comamonas aquatica
(Hylemon et al. 1973) Wauters et al. 2003.
Synonyms: Comamonas aquatica was previously known as Comamonas terrigena DNA group 2 or Comamonas terrigena biovar
aquaticum.
Aquaspirillum, Aquaspirillum aquaticum Hylemon et al. 1973.
Moved to Class Betaproteobacteria, Order Burkholderiales, Family Comamonadaceae, Genus Comamonas, Comamonas aquatica
(Hylemon et al. 1973) Wauters et al. 2003.
Synonyms: Comamonas aquatica was previously known as Comamonas terrigena DNA group 2 or Comamonas terrigena biovar
aquaticum.
Gram-negative rods, 0.5-0.6 μm. Motile by multitrichous polar flagella, often with
bipolar tufts. Intracellular poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate is formed.
bipolar tufts. Intracellular poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate is formed.
After 24 h incubation at 30 ºC, colonies reach a diameter of 1-1.5 mm on blood agar.
Grows aerobically on Tryptic Soy agar and broth at 30 and 35 ºC. Moderate and delayed
growth in broth may be observed at 40 ºC; no growth at 42 ºC. Can grow in the
presence of 1% oxgall, 1% glycine, but not in 3% NaCl. Grows on EMB, TSI, MacConkey
agar, Seller agar and in MRVP broth. PH range for growth: 5.5-9.0. Produce a
water-soluble, yellow, fluorescent pigment. Pigments are not formed from aromatic
amino acids. No alkaline reaction in litmus milk.
Grows aerobically on Tryptic Soy agar and broth at 30 and 35 ºC. Moderate and delayed
growth in broth may be observed at 40 ºC; no growth at 42 ºC. Can grow in the
presence of 1% oxgall, 1% glycine, but not in 3% NaCl. Grows on EMB, TSI, MacConkey
agar, Seller agar and in MRVP broth. PH range for growth: 5.5-9.0. Produce a
water-soluble, yellow, fluorescent pigment. Pigments are not formed from aromatic
amino acids. No alkaline reaction in litmus milk.
Isolated from fresh water. Susceptible to desferrioxamine and colistin.
Undetermined.
- Wauters (G.), De Baere (T.), Willems (A.), Falsen (E.) and Vaneechoutte (M.): Description of Comamonas aquatica comb. nov. and
Comamonas kerstersii sp. nov. for two subgroups of Comamonas terrigena and emended description of Comamonas terrigena.
Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2003, 53, 859-862. - Euzeby (J.P.): List of Bacterial Names with Standing in Nomenclature: a folder available on the Internet. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol.,
1997, 47, 590-592. (List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature. https://www.bacterio.net). - Tone Tonjum, 2005. Order IV. Neisseriales ord. nov. In: Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Second edition, Vol two, part
C The Alpha-, Beta-, Delta-, and Epsilonproteobacteria, George M. Garrity (Editor-in-Chief), pp 774-863.
Positive results for catalase, RNase, H2S production from cysteine, nitrates reduction (but nitrites not), oxidase, phosphatase &
selenite reduction. Can utilize for growth: citrate (Simmons), propionate, valerate, 3-hydroxybutyrate, L-proline, itaconate, suberate,
acetate & lactate.
Negative results for arginine dihydrolase, casein hydrolysis, DNase (type strain is positive), esculin hydrolysis, gelatin hydrolysis,
hippurate hydrolysis, indole production, lysine decarboxylase, ornithine decarboxylase, pyrrolidone arylamidase, starch hydrolysis,
trypsin, tyrosine hydrolysis & urease. Carbohydrates are neither acidified nor assimilated.
Cannot utilize glutamate, glycine, tryptophan, histidine, 3-hydroxybenzoate & L-alanine.
selenite reduction. Can utilize for growth: citrate (Simmons), propionate, valerate, 3-hydroxybutyrate, L-proline, itaconate, suberate,
acetate & lactate.
Negative results for arginine dihydrolase, casein hydrolysis, DNase (type strain is positive), esculin hydrolysis, gelatin hydrolysis,
hippurate hydrolysis, indole production, lysine decarboxylase, ornithine decarboxylase, pyrrolidone arylamidase, starch hydrolysis,
trypsin, tyrosine hydrolysis & urease. Carbohydrates are neither acidified nor assimilated.
Cannot utilize glutamate, glycine, tryptophan, histidine, 3-hydroxybenzoate & L-alanine.
(c) Costin Stoica
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Differential characters of C. testosteroni, C. terrigena, C. aquatica and C. kerstersii:
Legend: + positive 100%, - negative 100%
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