| Azotobacter beijerinckii |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Pseudomonadota (Proteobacteria), Class Gammaproteobacteria, Order Pseudomonadales, Family Pseudomonadaceae,
Genus Azotobacter, Azotobacter beijerinckii Lipman 1904.
Genus Azotobacter, Azotobacter beijerinckii Lipman 1904.
Gram-negative, blunt rod to ellipsoid form, 1.6-2.7 x 3.0-7.0 µm. Cysts are formed in
old cultures. Non-motile, lacking flagella. Produces PHB.
old cultures. Non-motile, lacking flagella. Produces PHB.
Colonies are smooth, but variants may arise due to the quantity of extracellular
polysaccharide produced. Growth at 37 ºC is poor or does not occur. A yellowish or
cinnamon-colored pigment is produced in aging cultures. Aerobic.
polysaccharide produced. Growth at 37 ºC is poor or does not occur. A yellowish or
cinnamon-colored pigment is produced in aging cultures. Aerobic.
Isolated from soil in Germany.
Undetermined.
- George M. Garrity, Julia A. Bell & Timothy Lilburn: Order IX Pseudomonadales Orla-Jensen 1921 In: Bergey’s Manual of
Systematic Bacteriology, Second edition,Vol two, part B, George M. Garrity (Editor-in-Chief), 2005, pp. 323-442. - John G. Holt, Noel R. Krieg, Petere H.A. Sneath, James T. Staley, Stanley T. Williams, 1994. Bergey's Manual of Determinative
Bacteriology, Ninth edition. Genus Azotobacter, 77. - Liu L, Yuan T, An Q, Yang M, Mao X, Mo C, Tan Z, Peng G. Azotobacter bryophylli sp. nov., isolated from the succulent plant
Bryophyllum pinnatum. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 69:1986-1992.
Positive results for catalase, nitrate reduction to nitrites, and urease.
Can utilize D-glucuronate, D-galacturonate, meso-inositol, fructose, glucose, acetate, pyruvate, fumarate, malate, succinate,
alpha-oxoglutarate, lactate, DL-gluconate, acetyl methylcarbinol, sucrose, propionate, n-butyrate, DL-beta-hydroxybutyrate, benzoate,
melibiose, 1-butanol, glycogen, rhamnose, sucrose, beta-methyl-glucoside, turanose, cis aconitic acid, citric acid, formic acid, alpha-
beta-, delta- hydroxybutiric acid, itaconic acid, alpha-ketobutyric acid, alpha-ketoglutaric acid, alpha-ketovaleric acid, DL-lactate,
malonic acid, propionic acid, quinic acid, bromo-succinic acid, L-alaninamide, D- and L-alanine, L-alanyl-glycine, L-asparagine,
L-aspartic acid, L-glutamic acid, glycyl-L-aspartic acid, glycyl-L-glutamic acid, L-histidine, hydroxy-L-proline, L-leucine, L-ornithine,
L-phenylalanine, L-proline, L-pyroglutamic acid, L-serine, L-threonine, urocanic acid, inosine, uridine, thymidine, phenylethylamine,
and putrescine.
Negative results for citrate utilization, gelatinase, H2S production, acid production from glucose, mannitol, inositol, sorbitol, sucrose,
and melibiose.
No utilization of glutarate, glycolate, rhamnose, caproate, caprylate, malonate, beta-phenylpropionate, glutarate, lactose,
alpha-cyclodextrin, N-acetyl-D-galactosamine, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, adonitol, i-erythritol, L-fucose, gentiobiose, D-mannose,
D-saccharic acid, D,L-carnitine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, 2-aminoethanol, alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate, Tween 40 and 80,
L-arabinose, D-arabitol, cellobiose, D-galactose, D-psicose, xylitol, lactose xylose, ribose, fucose, gamma-hydroxybutiric acid,
succinic acid, succinamic acid, glucuronamide, D-serine, 2,3-butanediol, D-glucose-6-phosphate, and DL-alpha-glycerol phosphate.
Variable results for peroxidase, oxidase, starch hydrolysis, utilization of phenol, 1-propanol, maltose, raffinose, glycerol, mannitol,
sorbitol, and trehalose.
Can utilize D-glucuronate, D-galacturonate, meso-inositol, fructose, glucose, acetate, pyruvate, fumarate, malate, succinate,
alpha-oxoglutarate, lactate, DL-gluconate, acetyl methylcarbinol, sucrose, propionate, n-butyrate, DL-beta-hydroxybutyrate, benzoate,
melibiose, 1-butanol, glycogen, rhamnose, sucrose, beta-methyl-glucoside, turanose, cis aconitic acid, citric acid, formic acid, alpha-
beta-, delta- hydroxybutiric acid, itaconic acid, alpha-ketobutyric acid, alpha-ketoglutaric acid, alpha-ketovaleric acid, DL-lactate,
malonic acid, propionic acid, quinic acid, bromo-succinic acid, L-alaninamide, D- and L-alanine, L-alanyl-glycine, L-asparagine,
L-aspartic acid, L-glutamic acid, glycyl-L-aspartic acid, glycyl-L-glutamic acid, L-histidine, hydroxy-L-proline, L-leucine, L-ornithine,
L-phenylalanine, L-proline, L-pyroglutamic acid, L-serine, L-threonine, urocanic acid, inosine, uridine, thymidine, phenylethylamine,
and putrescine.
Negative results for citrate utilization, gelatinase, H2S production, acid production from glucose, mannitol, inositol, sorbitol, sucrose,
and melibiose.
No utilization of glutarate, glycolate, rhamnose, caproate, caprylate, malonate, beta-phenylpropionate, glutarate, lactose,
alpha-cyclodextrin, N-acetyl-D-galactosamine, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, adonitol, i-erythritol, L-fucose, gentiobiose, D-mannose,
D-saccharic acid, D,L-carnitine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, 2-aminoethanol, alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate, Tween 40 and 80,
L-arabinose, D-arabitol, cellobiose, D-galactose, D-psicose, xylitol, lactose xylose, ribose, fucose, gamma-hydroxybutiric acid,
succinic acid, succinamic acid, glucuronamide, D-serine, 2,3-butanediol, D-glucose-6-phosphate, and DL-alpha-glycerol phosphate.
Variable results for peroxidase, oxidase, starch hydrolysis, utilization of phenol, 1-propanol, maltose, raffinose, glycerol, mannitol,
sorbitol, and trehalose.
(c) Costin Stoica
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