| Snodgrassella alvi |
Colonies are non-hemolytic, smooth, white, round, approximately 1 mm in diameter
after two days incubation on Tryptic Soy Agar supplemented with 5% sheep blood.
Microaerophilic, no growth was observed in a normal atmosphere. Strains were
incubated in 5% CO2 atmosphere. Optimum temperature is 37 ºC; variable growth at
42 ºC.
after two days incubation on Tryptic Soy Agar supplemented with 5% sheep blood.
Microaerophilic, no growth was observed in a normal atmosphere. Strains were
incubated in 5% CO2 atmosphere. Optimum temperature is 37 ºC; variable growth at
42 ºC.
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Pseudomonadota (Proteobacteria), Class Betaproteobacteria, Order Neisseriales, Family Neisseriaceae, Genus
Snodgrasella, Snodgrassella alvi Kwong and Moran 2013, sp. nov., type species of the genus.
Snodgrasella, Snodgrassella alvi Kwong and Moran 2013, sp. nov., type species of the genus.
Gram-negative short rods. Non-motile.
Isolated from the gut of the Western honey bee, Apis mellifera, and the bumble bees Bombus bimaculatus and Bombus vagans.
Susceptible to ampicillin (20 μg / paper disk), carbenicillin (50 μg), ceftazidime (30 μg), chloramphenicol (30 μg), gentamicin (25 μg),
kanamycin (30 μg), nalidixic acid (30 μg), rifampicin (30 μg), spectinomycin (50 μg), streptomycin (10 μg). Variable results for
oxytetracycline (30 μg) and tylosin (30 μg).
Susceptible to ampicillin (20 μg / paper disk), carbenicillin (50 μg), ceftazidime (30 μg), chloramphenicol (30 μg), gentamicin (25 μg),
kanamycin (30 μg), nalidixic acid (30 μg), rifampicin (30 μg), spectinomycin (50 μg), streptomycin (10 μg). Variable results for
oxytetracycline (30 μg) and tylosin (30 μg).
Undetermined. Gut-associated bacteria isolated in axenic culture from the honey bee and bumble bees.
- Kwong (W.K.) and Moran (N.A.): Cultivation and characterization of the gut symbionts of honey bees and bumble bees: description
of Snodgrassella alvi gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Neisseriaceae of the Betaproteobacteria, and Gilliamella apicola
gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of Orbaceae fam. nov., Orbales ord. nov., a sister taxon to the order 'Enterobacteriales' of the
Gammaproteobacteria. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2013, 63, 2008-2018.
Positive results for catalase and nitrate reduction.
Negative results for gelatinase, beta-galactosidase, beta-glucosidase (aesculinase), H2S production, indole production, oxidase, acid
production from glucose. No growth in API AUX medium (bioMerieux) for the API 20NE carbon substrate assimilation tests, but did
use L-arabinose, citric acid, D-fructose, D-galactose, D-glucose, L-glutamine, glycerol, glycine, DL-malic acid, maltose, D-mannitol,
D-mannose or succinic acid in suplemented M9 agar (see the original paper by Kwong).
Variable results for arginine dihydrolase and urease.
Negative results for gelatinase, beta-galactosidase, beta-glucosidase (aesculinase), H2S production, indole production, oxidase, acid
production from glucose. No growth in API AUX medium (bioMerieux) for the API 20NE carbon substrate assimilation tests, but did
use L-arabinose, citric acid, D-fructose, D-galactose, D-glucose, L-glutamine, glycerol, glycine, DL-malic acid, maltose, D-mannitol,
D-mannose or succinic acid in suplemented M9 agar (see the original paper by Kwong).
Variable results for arginine dihydrolase and urease.
(c) Costin Stoica
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