| Riemerella anatipestifera |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Bacteroidota, Class Flavobacteriia, Order Flavobacteriales, Family Weeksellaceae, Genus Riemerella, Riemerella
anatipestifera corrig. (Hendrickson and Hilbert 1932) Segers et al. 1993. Type species of the genus.
Basonym: Moraxella anatipestifer (Hendrickson and Hilbert 1932) Bruner and Fabricant 1954.
Old synonyms: Pfeifferella anatipestifer Hendrickson and Hilbert 1932, Pasteurella anapestifer Hauduroy et al. 1953, Pasteurella
anatipestifer (Hendrickson and Hilbert 1932) Merchant 1957, Riemerella anatipestifer (Hendrickson and Hilbert 1932) Segers et al.
1993
anatipestifera corrig. (Hendrickson and Hilbert 1932) Segers et al. 1993. Type species of the genus.
Basonym: Moraxella anatipestifer (Hendrickson and Hilbert 1932) Bruner and Fabricant 1954.
Old synonyms: Pfeifferella anatipestifer Hendrickson and Hilbert 1932, Pasteurella anapestifer Hauduroy et al. 1953, Pasteurella
anatipestifer (Hendrickson and Hilbert 1932) Merchant 1957, Riemerella anatipestifer (Hendrickson and Hilbert 1932) Segers et al.
1993
Gram-negative, non-sporulating rods, 0.3-0.5 x 1-2.5 μm, occuring singly, in pairs, or
in short chains. Nonmotile.
in short chains. Nonmotile.
Smooth, non-pigmented colonies are developed within 2 days during microaerobic
incubation on rich peptone, peptone-blood, or chocolate agar at 36 ºC. Haemolysis is
variable. CAMP test is variable. Optimal growth occurs at 37 ºC. Can grow at 45 ºC, but
not at 4 ºC. Requires thiamine, but low concentrations of pyrithiamine and amprolium
are inhibitory. Growth occurs in Huddleson’s thionine medium, in Huddleson’s basic
fuchsin medium, and on agar containing 10% bile in serum. No growth occurs on
agar containing 40% bile in serum, citrate agar, or MacConkey agar or in KCN broth or
glycerol phosphate medium.
incubation on rich peptone, peptone-blood, or chocolate agar at 36 ºC. Haemolysis is
variable. CAMP test is variable. Optimal growth occurs at 37 ºC. Can grow at 45 ºC, but
not at 4 ºC. Requires thiamine, but low concentrations of pyrithiamine and amprolium
are inhibitory. Growth occurs in Huddleson’s thionine medium, in Huddleson’s basic
fuchsin medium, and on agar containing 10% bile in serum. No growth occurs on
agar containing 40% bile in serum, citrate agar, or MacConkey agar or in KCN broth or
glycerol phosphate medium.
Isolated from ducks, geese, turkeys, and waterfowl with septicemic disease. Also isolated from muscovy ducks, chickens, pheasants,
quails, and wild free-living waterfowl.
quails, and wild free-living waterfowl.
Bacterium is the causative agent of "septicemia anserum exsudativa" a septicemic disease in ducks and other birds.
- P. Segers, W. Mannheim, M. Vancanneyt, K. De Brandt, K.-H. Hinz, K. Kersters, and P. Vandamme. Riemerella anatipestifer gen.
nov., comb. nov., the Causative Agent of Septicemia Anserum Exsudativa, and Its Phylogenetic Affiliation within the
Flavobacterium-Cytophaga rRNA Homology Group. Int J Syst Bacteriol October 1993 43:768-776. - M. Vancanneyt, P. Vandamme, P. Segers, U. Torck, R. Coopman, K. Kersters, and K.-H. Hinz. Riemerella columbina sp. nov., a
bacterium associated with respiratory disease in pigeons. Int J Syst Bacteriol January 1999 49:289-295; doi:10.1099/00207713-
49-1-289. - Rubbenstroth D, Ryll M, Hotzel H, Christensen, H, Knobloch JKM, Rautenschlein S and Bisgaard M, 2013. Description of
Riemerella columbipharyngis sp. nov., isolated from the pharynx of healthy domestic pigeons (Columba livia f. domestica), and
emended descriptions of the genus Riemerella, Riemerella anatipestifer and Riemerella columbina. Int J Syst Bact 63, 280-287.
Positive results for alkaline and acid phosphatase, catalase, chymotrypsin, ester lipase C8, gelatin liquefaction (most strains),
alpha-galactosidase, oxidase, Ieucine arylamidase, valine arylamidase, cystine arylamidase, phosphoamidase, alpha-glucosidase,
esterase C4, and Voges-Proskauer test.
Negative results for arginine dihydrolase, aesculin hydrolysis, nitrates reduction, H2S production, beta-galactosidase,
beta-glucuronidase, beta-glucosidase, alpha-mannosidase, beta-glucosaminidase, lipase C14, fucosidase, trypsin, ornithine
decarboxylase, lysine decarboxylase, and phenylalanine deaminase.
Not using malonate as a carbon source. Not assimilated in the API 20NE system: D-glucose, L-arabinose, D-mannose, D-mannitol,
N-acetylglucosamine, maltose, D-gluconate, caprate, adipate, L-malate, citrate or phenyl acetate.
Variable results for esterase C4, indole production, urease, litmus milk reaction, acid production from D-fructose, D-glucose,
maltose, D-mannose, dextrin and trehalose.
alpha-galactosidase, oxidase, Ieucine arylamidase, valine arylamidase, cystine arylamidase, phosphoamidase, alpha-glucosidase,
esterase C4, and Voges-Proskauer test.
Negative results for arginine dihydrolase, aesculin hydrolysis, nitrates reduction, H2S production, beta-galactosidase,
beta-glucuronidase, beta-glucosidase, alpha-mannosidase, beta-glucosaminidase, lipase C14, fucosidase, trypsin, ornithine
decarboxylase, lysine decarboxylase, and phenylalanine deaminase.
Not using malonate as a carbon source. Not assimilated in the API 20NE system: D-glucose, L-arabinose, D-mannose, D-mannitol,
N-acetylglucosamine, maltose, D-gluconate, caprate, adipate, L-malate, citrate or phenyl acetate.
Variable results for esterase C4, indole production, urease, litmus milk reaction, acid production from D-fructose, D-glucose,
maltose, D-mannose, dextrin and trehalose.
(c) Costin Stoica
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