Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Bacillota (Firmicutes), Class Bacilli, Order Lactobacillales, Family Lactobacillaceae, Genus Lacticaseibacillus,
- Lacticaseibacillus zeae subsp. zeae (Dicks et al., 1996) Grabner et al. 2024.
- Lacticaseibacillus zeae subsp. silagei Grabner,et al. 2024.
Synonyms: Lactobacillus zeae (Kuznetsov 1959) Dicks, Du Plessis, Dellaglio and Lauer 1996; Lactobacillus casei subsp. casei
ATCC 393, Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 15820.
- Lacticaseibacillus zeae subsp. zeae (Dicks et al., 1996) Grabner et al. 2024.
- Lacticaseibacillus zeae subsp. silagei Grabner,et al. 2024.
Synonyms: Lactobacillus zeae (Kuznetsov 1959) Dicks, Du Plessis, Dellaglio and Lauer 1996; Lactobacillus casei subsp. casei
ATCC 393, Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 15820.
Gram-positive rods, 0.5-0.8 / 1.2-2.4 µm, occurring singly or in chains. Non-motile.
Non-spore-forming.
Non-spore-forming.
Colonies are white (subsp. zeae) or creamy (subsp. silagei), smooth, glistening and
1-2 mm in diameter on MRS agar. Facultative anaerobic.
Subsp. zeae grows at 10-45 ºC (optimally at 37 ºC), at pH 3.5-10.0 (optimally at pH
7.0) and in 0-8.0% NaCl. Subsp. silagei grows at 5-50 ºC (optimally at 40 ºC), at pH
3.5-10.0 (optimally at pH 7.0) and in 0-9.0% NaCl.
1-2 mm in diameter on MRS agar. Facultative anaerobic.
Subsp. zeae grows at 10-45 ºC (optimally at 37 ºC), at pH 3.5-10.0 (optimally at pH
7.0) and in 0-8.0% NaCl. Subsp. silagei grows at 5-50 ºC (optimally at 40 ºC), at pH
3.5-10.0 (optimally at pH 7.0) and in 0-9.0% NaCl.
Subsp. zeae was isolated from corn steep liquor, cheese, human throat, human pus.
Subsp. silagei was isolated from an Austrian corn silage.
Subsp. silagei was isolated from an Austrian corn silage.
Undetermined.
- Dicks LMT, Du Plessis EM, Dellaglio F and Lauer E, 1996. Reclassification of Lactobacillus casei subsp. casei ATCC 393 and
Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC 15820 as Lactobacillus zeae nom. rev., designation of ATCC 334 as the neotype of L. casei
subsp. casei, and rejection of the name Lactobacillus paracasei. Int J Syst Bacteriol 46(1) 337-340. - Liu DD, Gu CT, 2020. Proposal to reclassify Lactobacillus zhaodongensis, Lactobacillus zeae, Lactobacillus argentoratensis and
Lactobacillus buchneri subsp. silagei as Lacticaseibacillus zhaodongensis comb. nov., Lacticaseibacillus zeae comb. nov.,
Lactiplantibacillus argentoratensis comb. nov. and Lentilactobacillus buchneri subsp. silagei comb. nov., respectively and
Apilactobacillus kosoi as a later heterotypic synonym of Apilactobacillus micheneri. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 70:6414-6417. - Huang CH, Chen CC, Liou JS, Lee AY, Blom J, Lin YC, Huang L and Watanabe K, 2020. Genome-based reclassification of
Lactobacillus casei: emended classification and description of the species Lactobacillus zeae. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 70:3755-
3762. - Grabner MF, Grabner MH, Schein H, Tӧglhofer M, Weidenholzer E, Rϋckert-Reed C, Busche T, and Buchebner-Jance M, 2024.
Lacticaseibacillus parahuelsenbergensis sp. nov., Lacticaseibacillus styriensis sp. nov. and Lacticaseibacillus zeae subsp.
silagei subsp. nov., isolated from different grass and corn silage. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 74:006441.
Facultatively heterofermentative.
Positive results for acid and alkaline phosphatase, esculin hydrolysis, esterase (C4), esterase lipase (C8), alpha-galactosidase,
beta-galactosidase, beta-glucosidase, leucine arylamidase, naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase, valine arylamidase, fermentation of:
amygdalin, arbutin, cellobiose, D-fructose, galactose, gentibiose, glucose (without gas production), gluconate (without gas production),
mannitol, mannose, melezitose, N-acetylglucosamine, ribose, salicin, sucrose, and trehalose.
Negative results for ammonia production from arginine, catalase, gelatin hydrolysis, beta-glucuronidase, H2S production, indole
production, lipase (C14), alpha-mannosidase, nitrate reduction, oxidase, trypsin, alpha-chymotrypsin, urease, fermentation of :adonitol,
L-arabinose, L-arabitol, dextrin, dulcitol, erythritol, D-fucose, glycerol, glycogen, methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside, methyl
alpha-D-mannopyranoside, methyl beta-D-xylopyranoside, inositol, inulin, 2- or 5-ketogluconate, D-lyxose, melibiose, raffinose,
L-sorbose, starch, xylitol, D- and L-xylose.
Variable results for alpha-glucosidase, fermentation of: L-fucose, lactose, rhamnose, D-tagatose, and turanose.
Positive results for acid and alkaline phosphatase, esculin hydrolysis, esterase (C4), esterase lipase (C8), alpha-galactosidase,
beta-galactosidase, beta-glucosidase, leucine arylamidase, naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase, valine arylamidase, fermentation of:
amygdalin, arbutin, cellobiose, D-fructose, galactose, gentibiose, glucose (without gas production), gluconate (without gas production),
mannitol, mannose, melezitose, N-acetylglucosamine, ribose, salicin, sucrose, and trehalose.
Negative results for ammonia production from arginine, catalase, gelatin hydrolysis, beta-glucuronidase, H2S production, indole
production, lipase (C14), alpha-mannosidase, nitrate reduction, oxidase, trypsin, alpha-chymotrypsin, urease, fermentation of :adonitol,
L-arabinose, L-arabitol, dextrin, dulcitol, erythritol, D-fucose, glycerol, glycogen, methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside, methyl
alpha-D-mannopyranoside, methyl beta-D-xylopyranoside, inositol, inulin, 2- or 5-ketogluconate, D-lyxose, melibiose, raffinose,
L-sorbose, starch, xylitol, D- and L-xylose.
Variable results for alpha-glucosidase, fermentation of: L-fucose, lactose, rhamnose, D-tagatose, and turanose.
(c) Costin Stoica
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Differential characters of the subspecies.
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