| Bacillus infernus |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Firmicutes, Class Bacilli, Order Bacillales, Family Bacillaceae, Genus Psychrobacillus, Psychrobacillus insolitus (Larkin
and Stokes 1967) Krishnamurthi et al. 2011.
Basonym: Bacillus insolitus Larkin and Stokes (1967).
and Stokes 1967) Krishnamurthi et al. 2011.
Basonym: Bacillus insolitus Larkin and Stokes (1967).
Gram positive, motile rods or coccoid rods, 1.0-1.5 x 1.6-2.7 μm, on nutrient agar and
0.7-0.9 x 2.4-5.3 µm on trypticase soy agar. One polar and one subpolar flagellum.
Nonmotile cocci may be found. Sporulates and germinates at 0 ºC. Spores are
spherical to cylindrical, 0.7 x 1.4 µm in diameter. Terminal ellipsoidal and cylindrical
spores are formed in rod-shaped cells. Not swelling the sporangia.
0.7-0.9 x 2.4-5.3 µm on trypticase soy agar. One polar and one subpolar flagellum.
Nonmotile cocci may be found. Sporulates and germinates at 0 ºC. Spores are
spherical to cylindrical, 0.7 x 1.4 µm in diameter. Terminal ellipsoidal and cylindrical
spores are formed in rod-shaped cells. Not swelling the sporangia.
Colonies on nutrient agar are small, soft, off-white and irregular. Maximum growth
temperature 25 ºC, minimum 0-5 ºC. Grow in 2% NaCl (variable) and at pH 7. Do not
grow in anaerobic agar, in 5-10% NaCl or at pH 5.7. NaCl, allantoin or urate are not
required for growth.
temperature 25 ºC, minimum 0-5 ºC. Grow in 2% NaCl (variable) and at pH 7. Do not
grow in anaerobic agar, in 5-10% NaCl or at pH 5.7. NaCl, allantoin or urate are not
required for growth.
Isolated from normal and marshy soil. No growth in the presence of lysozyme.
Not determined.
- Gordon R.E., Haynes W.C., Pang C.H. (1973) – The genus Bacillus . Agriculture Handbook No. 427, U.S.D.A., Washington D.C.
- Buchanan R.E., Gibbons N.E., Cowan S.T., Holt J.G., Liston J., Murray R.G.E., Niven C.F., Ravin A.W., Stanier R.W. ( 1974) – Bergey’s
Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, Eight Edition, The Williams & Wilkins Company, Baltimore. - N.A. Logan and P. De Vos, 2009. Genus I. Bacillus Cohn 1872. In: (Eds.) P.D. Vos, G. Garrity, D. Jones, N.R. Krieg, W. Ludwig, F.A.
Rainey, K.-H. Schleifer, W.B. Whitman. Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume 3: The Firmicutes, Springer, 21-127. - Euzeby J.P. - "List of Bacterial Names with Standing in Nomenclature". https://www.bacterio.cict.fr/b/bacillus.html
Positive for catalase, oxidase, hydrolysis of esculin, beta-galactosidase, acid production from: glycerol, starch,
N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, amygdalin, arbutin, cellobiose, fructose, beta-gentibiose, maltose, ribose and sucrose.
Negative results for starch hydrolysis, reduction of nitrate to nitrite, decomposition of casein, decomposition of tyrosine,
Voges-Proskauer reaction, arginine dihydrolase, lysine decarboxylase, ornithine decarboxylase, tryptophan deaminase citrate
utilization, indole production, hydrolysis of gelatin, acid production from methyl beta-xyloside, glucose, mannitol, D-mannose, adonitol,
D- or L-arabinose, L-arabitol, dulcitol, erythritol, D- or L-fucose, gluconate, 2- or 5-ketogluconate, salicin, sorbose, xylitol and xylose.
Variable results for deamination of phenylalanine, hydrolysis of urea, acid production from: glycogen, D-arabitol, galactose,
meso-inositol, inulin, lactose, lyxose, melezitose , melibiose, raffinose, rhamnose, sorbitol and trehalose.
N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, amygdalin, arbutin, cellobiose, fructose, beta-gentibiose, maltose, ribose and sucrose.
Negative results for starch hydrolysis, reduction of nitrate to nitrite, decomposition of casein, decomposition of tyrosine,
Voges-Proskauer reaction, arginine dihydrolase, lysine decarboxylase, ornithine decarboxylase, tryptophan deaminase citrate
utilization, indole production, hydrolysis of gelatin, acid production from methyl beta-xyloside, glucose, mannitol, D-mannose, adonitol,
D- or L-arabinose, L-arabitol, dulcitol, erythritol, D- or L-fucose, gluconate, 2- or 5-ketogluconate, salicin, sorbose, xylitol and xylose.
Variable results for deamination of phenylalanine, hydrolysis of urea, acid production from: glycogen, D-arabitol, galactose,
meso-inositol, inulin, lactose, lyxose, melezitose , melibiose, raffinose, rhamnose, sorbitol and trehalose.
(c) Costin Stoica
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