| Gemella morbillorum |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Firmicutes, Class Bacilli, Order Lactobacillales, Family Incertae sedis, Genus Gemella, Gemella morbillorum (Prevot 1933)
Kilpper-Balz and Schleifer 1988.
Old synonyms: Diplococcus rubeolae Tunnicliff 1933, Streptococcus morbillorum (Prevot 1933) Holdeman and Moore 1974,
Diplococcus morbillorum Prévot 1933, Peptostreptococcus morbillorum (Prevot 1933) Smith 1957.
Kilpper-Balz and Schleifer 1988.
Old synonyms: Diplococcus rubeolae Tunnicliff 1933, Streptococcus morbillorum (Prevot 1933) Holdeman and Moore 1974,
Diplococcus morbillorum Prévot 1933, Peptostreptococcus morbillorum (Prevot 1933) Smith 1957.
Gram positive cocci (sometimes Gram variable), 0.3-0.8 / 0.5-1.4 μm, arranged in
short chains, pairs or single cells, nonsporing, nonmotile. Pleomorphism may be very
pronounced, coccal forms are frequently elongate, and cells may be of unequal size.
short chains, pairs or single cells, nonsporing, nonmotile. Pleomorphism may be very
pronounced, coccal forms are frequently elongate, and cells may be of unequal size.
Colonies on blood agar plates after 2 days are pinpoint to 0.5 mm in diameter,
circular, entire, convex, translucent, shiny, and smooth. Some strains are alpha-
hemolytic. Anaerobic to aerotolerant, growth at 37.0 ºC, no growth at 10 ºC. Growth is
enhanced by fermentable carbohydrates, by the addition of Tween 80 to fluid media or
by CO2 enriched atmosphere.
Growth on : trypticase soy agar with defibrinated sheep blood, brain heart infusion
broth, RGCA (rumen-fluid-glucose-cellobiose agar).
circular, entire, convex, translucent, shiny, and smooth. Some strains are alpha-
hemolytic. Anaerobic to aerotolerant, growth at 37.0 ºC, no growth at 10 ºC. Growth is
enhanced by fermentable carbohydrates, by the addition of Tween 80 to fluid media or
by CO2 enriched atmosphere.
Growth on : trypticase soy agar with defibrinated sheep blood, brain heart infusion
broth, RGCA (rumen-fluid-glucose-cellobiose agar).
Isolated from human clinical specimens and intestinal contents.
Usually is a commensal organisms of the upper respiratory (oropharyngeal) & gastrointestinal tract of humans, but may be involved
in nosocomial infections (peritonitis). Possible cause of abscesses, empyema, endocarditis, osteomyelitis and blood infections.
in nosocomial infections (peritonitis). Possible cause of abscesses, empyema, endocarditis, osteomyelitis and blood infections.
- Holt J.G., Krieg N.R., Sneath P.H.A., Staley J.T. and Williams S.T., 1994. Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, Ninth
Edition, Williams & Wilkins, A Waverly Company, Baltimore. - Kilpper-Balz R. & Schleifer K.H.: Transfer of Streptococcus morbillorum to the genus Gemella as Gemella morbillorum comb. nov.
Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1988, 38, 442-443. - Armando Lopes; Rui Providencia; Rui Pedro Pais; Maria João Frade; Feres Chaddad Neto; Evandro de Oliveira: Cerebellar
abscess by Gemella morbillorum in a patient with inter-atrial communication. Arq. Neuro-Psiquiatr. vol.65 no.4a São Paulo Dec.
2007. - Martin Dworkin, Stanley Falkow, Eugene Rosenberg, Karl-Heinz Schleifer, Erko Stackebrandt (Editors).: The Prokaryotes 3rd ed.: A
Handbook on the Biology of Bacteria Volume 4: Bacteria: Firmicutes, Cyanobacteria. 2006. - Matthew D. Collins And Enevold Falsen, 2009. Family XI. Incertae Sedis Genus I. Gemella Berger, 1960, 253AL. In: (Eds.) P.D.
Vos, G. Garrity, D. Jones, N.R. Krieg, W. Ludwig, F.A. Rainey, K.-H. Schleifer, W.B. Whitman. Bergey’s Manual of Systematic
Bacteriology, Volume 3: The Firmicutes, Springer, 455-460.
Acid is produced from glucose. Acid is not produced from ribose, cellobiose,
fructose, galactose, inulin, lactose, salicin, trehalose & raffinose.
Hippurate and esculin are not hydrolyzed. Nitrite is not reduced. Voges-Proskauer reaction, ADH, pyrrolidonearylamidase,
alpha-galactosidase, beta-glucuronidase, beta-galactosidase & alkaline phosphatase are negative.
Variable results for mannitol & sorbitol fermentation.
fructose, galactose, inulin, lactose, salicin, trehalose & raffinose.
Hippurate and esculin are not hydrolyzed. Nitrite is not reduced. Voges-Proskauer reaction, ADH, pyrrolidonearylamidase,
alpha-galactosidase, beta-glucuronidase, beta-galactosidase & alkaline phosphatase are negative.
Variable results for mannitol & sorbitol fermentation.
(c) Costin Stoica
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