| Avibacterium paragallinarum |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Proteobacteria, Class Gammaproteobacteria, Order Pasteurellales, Family Pasteurellaceae, Genus Avibacterium,
Avibacterium paragallinarum Blackall, Christensen, Beckenham, Blackall and Bisgaard, 2005.
Old synonyms: Haemophilus paragallinarum Biberstein and White 1969, Haemophilus gallinarum Delaplane, Erwin and Stuart
1934, Bacillus haemoglobinophilus coryzae gallinarum de Blieck 1931.
Avibacterium paragallinarum Blackall, Christensen, Beckenham, Blackall and Bisgaard, 2005.
Old synonyms: Haemophilus paragallinarum Biberstein and White 1969, Haemophilus gallinarum Delaplane, Erwin and Stuart
1934, Bacillus haemoglobinophilus coryzae gallinarum de Blieck 1931.
Coccoid to pleomorphic rods, filamentous forms, nonmotile.
Colonies on chocolate agar are smooth, convex, grayish, semiopaque and reach
0.5-1.5 mm in 48 hours in air supplemented with 10% CO2. Nonhemolytic. Strains are
V-factor dependent (occasional independent strains are Bisgaard Taxon 31).
Improved growth in an enriched CO2 (10%) atmosphere and by serum added.
Growth on MacConkey is negative.
0.5-1.5 mm in 48 hours in air supplemented with 10% CO2. Nonhemolytic. Strains are
V-factor dependent (occasional independent strains are Bisgaard Taxon 31).
Improved growth in an enriched CO2 (10%) atmosphere and by serum added.
Growth on MacConkey is negative.
Present in the respiratory tract of poultry.
Produces neuraminidase and N-acetylneuraminate pyruvate lyase. Causes respiratory tract disease in chickens (infectious coryza).
- Mogens Kilian, 2004. Genus III. Haemophilus. In: Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Second edition, Vol two, part B,
George M. Garrity (Editor-in-Chief), pp. 883-904. - Mary P.E. Slack, 2006. Haemophilus. In: Topley & Wilson’s Microbiology and Microbial Infections, 10 edition, Vol. 2, Bacteriology,
Edward Arnold Ltd. - J. G. Holt et al., 1994. Facultatively Anaerobic Gram-Negative Rods. Subgroup 3. Family Pasteurellaceae. In: Begey’s Manual of
Determinative Bacteriology, 9th-edition, Williams & Wilkins, pp 194-196. - P.J. Blackall, H. Christensen,T. Beckenham, L. Blackall and M. Bisgaard, 2005. Reclassification of Pasteurella gallinarum,
[Haemophilus] paragallinarum, Pasteurella avium and Pasteurella volantium as Avibacterium gallinarum gen. nov., comb. nov.,
Avibacterium paragallinarum comb. nov., Avibacterium avium comb. nov. and Avibacterium volantium comb. nov. International
Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 55, 353-362.
Positive results for nitrates reduction, oxidase, acid production from: D(+) glucose
(without gas), mannitol, D(-) fructose, D(+) mannose & sucrose.
Negative results for catalase, gelatinase, H2S production (TSI), Voges-Proskauer, ONPG, alpha-glucosidse, urease, arginine
dehydrolase, lysine decarboxylase, indole production, acid production from: glycerol, xylitol, L(+) arabinose, D(-) arabinose, dulcitol,
meso-inositol, D(+) galactose, L(+) rhamnose, L(-) sorbose, cellobiose, lactose, D(+) melibiose, trehalose, raffinose, inulin, esculin &
salicin.
Variable results for ornithine decarboxylase, alkaline phosphatase, acid production from: D(+) xylose, D(-) sorbitol, L(-) fucose,
maltose & dextrin.
(without gas), mannitol, D(-) fructose, D(+) mannose & sucrose.
Negative results for catalase, gelatinase, H2S production (TSI), Voges-Proskauer, ONPG, alpha-glucosidse, urease, arginine
dehydrolase, lysine decarboxylase, indole production, acid production from: glycerol, xylitol, L(+) arabinose, D(-) arabinose, dulcitol,
meso-inositol, D(+) galactose, L(+) rhamnose, L(-) sorbose, cellobiose, lactose, D(+) melibiose, trehalose, raffinose, inulin, esculin &
salicin.
Variable results for ornithine decarboxylase, alkaline phosphatase, acid production from: D(+) xylose, D(-) sorbitol, L(-) fucose,
maltose & dextrin.
(c) Costin Stoica
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