| Mycobacterium triviale |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Actinobacteria, Class Actinobacteria, Order Actinomycetales, Suborder Corynebacterineae, Family Mycobacteriaceae, Genus
Mycobacterium, Mycobacterium triviale Kubica et al. 1970.
Member of the Mycobacterium terrae complex.
Mycobacterium, Mycobacterium triviale Kubica et al. 1970.
Member of the Mycobacterium terrae complex.
Acid-alcohol-fast bacilli.
Colonies on egg medium are rough, dry, heaped, and non-chromogenic.
Characteristic rough R colonies are seen on oleic acid agar that are easily confused
with those of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Grows poorly, if at all, on cornmeal agar.
Grows at 25-37 ºC, but not at 42 or 45 ºC. Growth time 12-28 days. Grows on 5% (w/v)
NaCl. No growth on MacConkey agar without bile salts.
Characteristic rough R colonies are seen on oleic acid agar that are easily confused
with those of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Grows poorly, if at all, on cornmeal agar.
Grows at 25-37 ºC, but not at 42 or 45 ºC. Growth time 12-28 days. Grows on 5% (w/v)
NaCl. No growth on MacConkey agar without bile salts.
Isolated from sputum. One case of lung isolate from patient with lung cancer was reported. Susceptible to ethambutol (5 µg/ml),
rifampin (25 μg/ml), and streptomycin (2 µg/ml). Resistant to TCH (1 µg/ml), thiacetazone (10 µg/ml) and isoniazid (1 µg/ml).
rifampin (25 μg/ml), and streptomycin (2 µg/ml). Resistant to TCH (1 µg/ml), thiacetazone (10 µg/ml) and isoniazid (1 µg/ml).
Considered to be nonpathogenic. Rare reports of human disease.
- John G. Magee and Alan C. Ward 2012. Family III. Mycobacteriaceae Chester 1897, 63AL in Bergey’s Manual of Systematic
Bacteriology, Volume Five The Actinobacteria, Part A, Michael Goodfellow & al. (editors), 312-375. - Loredana Gabriela Popa, Mircea Ioan Popa 2009. Identificarea bacililor acido-rezistenti in: Tratat de microbiologie clinica, Dumitru
Buiuc, Marian Negut, ed. a III-a, Editura Medicala, 881-890, ISBN (13) 978-973-39-0593-6. - George P. Kubica, Vella A. Silcox, James O. Kilburn, Ronald W. Smithwick, R. Edward Beam, Wilbur D. Jones, Jr. , and K. D.
Stottmeier. Differential Identification of Mycobacteria VI. Mycobacterium triviale Kubica sp. nov. International Journal of Systematic
Bacteriology Vol. 20, No. 2 April 1970 PP. 161-174. - Asako Okabayashi, Mizue Hasegawa, Akitoshi Sato, Naoko Yokohori, Hideki Katsura. A Case of Respiratory Infection Caused by
Mycobacterium Triviale. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine 2016;193:A3752. - Tsukamura M. Numerical identification of slowly growing mycobacteria. Microbiol Immunol. 1985;29(11):1039‐1050. doi:10.1111/j.
1348-0421.1985.tb00894.x - Tsukamura M. Numerical Classification of Slowly Growing Mycobacteria. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology, Oct.
1976, p. 409-420. - Tsukamura M, Yano I, Imaeda T. Mycobacterium fortuitum subspecies acetamidolyticum, a new subspecies of Mycobacterium
fortuitum. Microbiol Immunol 1986; 30:97-110. - Rastogi N, Legrand E, Sola C. The mycobacteria: an introduction to nomenclature and pathogenesis. Rev Sci Tech. 2001;20(1):21‐
54. doi:10.20506/rst.20.1.1265. - Cloud JL, Meyer JJ, Pounder JI, Jost KCJ, Sweeney A, Carroll KC, Woods GL. Mycobacterium arupense sp. nov., a non-
chromogenic bacterium isolated from clinical specimens. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2006; 56:1413-1418. - Kim BJ, Jeong J, Lee SH, Kim SR, Yu HK, Park YG, Kim KJ, Kook YH, Kim BJ. Mycobacterium koreense sp. nov., a slowly growing
non-chromogenic species closely related to Mycobacterium triviale. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2012; 62:1289-1295. - Kim BJ, Hong SH, Yu HK, Park YG, Jeong J, Lee SH, Kim SR, Kim K, Kook YH, Kim BJ. Mycobacterium parakoreense sp. nov., a
slowly growing non-chromogenic species related to Mycobacterium koreense, isolated from a human clinical specimen. Int J Syst
Evol Microbiol 2013; 63:2301-2308.
Positive results for catalase (inactivated at 68 ºC), catalase (semi-quantitative), nitrate reduction, and Tween 80 hydrolysis.
Negative results for beta-galactosidase, iron uptake, niacin production, nicotinamidase, pyrazinamidase (negative in Kim's studies),
tellurite reduction (9 days), and urea hydrolysis.
No utilization as sole carbon source of acetate, citrate, succinate, malate, pyruvate, benzoate, fumarate, glucose, fructose, sucrose
ethanol, and propanol.
Variable results for arylsulfatase (3, 7, and 10 days) and succinate utilization in the presence of ammoniac nitrogen.
Negative results for beta-galactosidase, iron uptake, niacin production, nicotinamidase, pyrazinamidase (negative in Kim's studies),
tellurite reduction (9 days), and urea hydrolysis.
No utilization as sole carbon source of acetate, citrate, succinate, malate, pyruvate, benzoate, fumarate, glucose, fructose, sucrose
ethanol, and propanol.
Variable results for arylsulfatase (3, 7, and 10 days) and succinate utilization in the presence of ammoniac nitrogen.
(c) Costin Stoica
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