| Mycobacterium immunogenum |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Actinobacteria, Class Actinobacteria, Order Actinomycetales, Suborder Corynebacterineae, Family Mycobacteriaceae, Genus
Mycobacterium, Mycobacterium immunogenum Wilson et al. 2001.
Mycobacterium, Mycobacterium immunogenum Wilson et al. 2001.
Acid-alcohol-fast, curved rods. Do not form spores or aerial hyphae. Gram-positive.
Colonies arenon-pigmented, off-white in color, and rough, although smooth forms
may occur. Visible growth appears on Middlebrook 7H10 and trypticase soy agars in
less than 7 days. Growth occurs at 24, 30, 35, 37 ºC, but not at 45 ºC. Growth occurs
on MacConkey agar (without crystal violet), but not in media supplemented with 5%
(w/v) NaCl.
may occur. Visible growth appears on Middlebrook 7H10 and trypticase soy agars in
less than 7 days. Growth occurs at 24, 30, 35, 37 ºC, but not at 45 ºC. Growth occurs
on MacConkey agar (without crystal violet), but not in media supplemented with 5%
(w/v) NaCl.
Isolated from a sample of bronchoscope wash water, other clinical samples, metalworking fluids.
Susceptible in vitro to amikacin and clarithromycin. Resistant to cefoxitin, cefmetazole, ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, imipenem,
sulfamethoxazole and tobramycin.
Susceptible in vitro to amikacin and clarithromycin. Resistant to cefoxitin, cefmetazole, ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, imipenem,
sulfamethoxazole and tobramycin.
Involved in water-borne nosocomial outbreaks along with strains of Mycobacterium abscessus and Mycobacterium chelonae.
Identified as a cause of keratitis following laser in situ keratomileusis. Involved in in hypersensitivity pneumonitis associated
with metalworking fluid. Cutaneous infection reported (erythematous inflammatory papules and pustules on the abdomen).
Identified as a cause of keratitis following laser in situ keratomileusis. Involved in in hypersensitivity pneumonitis associated
with metalworking fluid. Cutaneous infection reported (erythematous inflammatory papules and pustules on the abdomen).
- John G. Magee and Alan C. Ward 2012. Family III. Mycobacteriaceae Chester 1897, 63AL in Bergey’s Manual of Systematic
Bacteriology, Volume Five The Actinobacteria, Part A, Michael Goodfellow & al. (editors), 312-375. - Wilson RW, Steingrube VA, Bottger EC, Springer B, Brown-Elliott BA, Vincent V, Jost KCJ, Zhang Y, Garcia MJ, Chiu SH, et al.
Mycobacterium immunogenum sp. nov., a novel species related to Mycobacterium abscessus and associated with clinical
disease, pseudo-outbreaks and contaminated metalworking fluids: an international cooperative study on mycobacterial taxonomy.
Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2001; 51:1751-1764. - Adekambi T, Reynaud-Gaubert M, Greub G, Gevaudan MJ, La Scola B, Raoult D, Drancourt M. Amoebal coculture of
"Mycobacterium massiliense" sp. nov. from the sputum of a patient with hemoptoic pneumonia. J Clin Microbiol 2004; 42:5493-
5501. - Garcia-Zamora E, Sanz-Robles H, Elosua-Gonzalez M, Rodriguez-Vasquez X, Lopez-Estebaranz JL. Cutaneous infection due to
Mycobacterium immunogenum: an European case report and review of the literature. Dermatol Online J. 2017;23(10):
13030/qt9zg5r07t. Published 2017 Oct 15. - Nogueira CL, Whipps CM, Matsumoto CK, Chimara E, Droz S, Tortoli E, de Freitas D, Cnockaert M, Palomino JC, Martin A, et al.
Mycobacterium saopaulense sp. nov., a rapidly growing mycobacterium closely related to members of the Mycobacterium
chelonae--Mycobacterium abscessus group. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2015; 65:4403-4409.
Positive results for alkaline phosphatase, arylsulfatase (3 days), arginine dihydrolase, catalase, semiquantitative catalase test,
esculin hydrolysis, beta-galactosidase, alpha-glucosidase, lysine decarboxylase, ornithine decarboxylase, pyrrolidonyl arylamidase
Negative results for iron uptake, N-acetyl beta-glucosaminidase, beta-glucuronidase, gelatinase, indole production, nitrate reduction,
Tween 80 hydrolysis, urease, and acetoin production.
No utilization as sole carbon source of citrate, mannitol, D-sorbitol, and myo-inositol.
Variable results for pyrazinamidase.
esculin hydrolysis, beta-galactosidase, alpha-glucosidase, lysine decarboxylase, ornithine decarboxylase, pyrrolidonyl arylamidase
Negative results for iron uptake, N-acetyl beta-glucosaminidase, beta-glucuronidase, gelatinase, indole production, nitrate reduction,
Tween 80 hydrolysis, urease, and acetoin production.
No utilization as sole carbon source of citrate, mannitol, D-sorbitol, and myo-inositol.
Variable results for pyrazinamidase.
(c) Costin Stoica
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