| Mycobacterium elephantis |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Actinobacteria, Class Actinobacteria, Order Actinomycetales, Suborder Corynebacterineae, Family Mycobacteriaceae, Genus
Mycobacterium, Mycobacterium elephantis Shojaei et al. 2000.
Mycobacterium, Mycobacterium elephantis Shojaei et al. 2000.
Weakly acid-alcohol-fast, cocco-bacilli, 1.2-1.4 µm long. Gram-positive. Non-motile.
Non-sporogenic.
Non-sporogenic.
Colonies are smooth and non-chromogenic after 3-5 days incubation. Good growth
occurs at 25, 37, 42 and 45 ºC. No growth at 52 ºC. No growth on MacConkey agar
without crystal violet. Can grow in the presence of 5% NaCl on Lowenstein-Jensen
agar. Aerobic.
occurs at 25, 37, 42 and 45 ºC. No growth at 52 ºC. No growth on MacConkey agar
without crystal violet. Can grow in the presence of 5% NaCl on Lowenstein-Jensen
agar. Aerobic.
Undetermined. May be involved in respiratory infections.
The type strain was isolated from a lung abscess of an adult elephant that had died from chronic respiratory disease. Other strains
were recovered from cow dung, human sputum and bronchial lavage.
Susceptible to hydroxylamine-HCl (500 µg/ml), rifampicin (16 µg/ml), pyrazinamide (66 µg/ml). Resistant to isoniazid (1 µg/ml),
thiacetazone (10 µg/ml), thiophen-2-caboxylic acid hydrazide (5 µg/ml), ciprofloxacin (2.5 µg/ml) or ethambutol (3.2 µg/ml).
were recovered from cow dung, human sputum and bronchial lavage.
Susceptible to hydroxylamine-HCl (500 µg/ml), rifampicin (16 µg/ml), pyrazinamide (66 µg/ml). Resistant to isoniazid (1 µg/ml),
thiacetazone (10 µg/ml), thiophen-2-caboxylic acid hydrazide (5 µg/ml), ciprofloxacin (2.5 µg/ml) or ethambutol (3.2 µg/ml).
- Shojaei H, Magee JG, Freeman R, Yates M, Horadagoda NU, Goodfellow M. Mycobacterium elephantis sp. nov., a rapidly growing
non-chromogenic Mycobacterium isolated from an elephant. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2000; 50:1817-1820. - Turenne C, Chedore P, Wolfe J, Jamieson F, May K, Kabani A (2002) Phenotypic and molecular characterization of clinical isolates
of Mycobacterium elephantis from human specimens. J Clin Microbiol 40:1230–1236. - Tortoli, E., Rindi, L., Bartoloni, A. et al. Mycobacterium elephantis: Not an Exceptional Finding in Clinical Specimens. Eur J Clin
Microbiol Infect Dis 22, 427–430 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10096-003-0950-2 - Heidarieh P, Shojaei H, Hashemi A, Feizabadi MM, Daei-Naser A, Ataei B. First report of isolation of Mycobacterium elephantis
from bronchial lavage of a patient in Asia. JRSM Short Rep. 2011;2(4):26. Published 2011 Apr 1. doi:10.1258/shorts.2011.010140. - Potters D, Seghers M, Muyldermans G, Piérard D, Naessens A, Lauwers S. Recovery of Mycobacterium elephantis from sputum of
a patient in Belgium. J Clin Microbiol. 2003;41(3):1344. doi:10.1128/jcm.41.3.1344.2003. - Padya L,Chin'ombe N, Magwenzi M, Mbanga J, RuhanyaV et al.(2015) Molecular Identification of Mycobacterium Species of Public
Health Importance in Cattle in Zimbabwe by 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing. The Open Microbiology Journal 9: 38-42 - John G. Magee and Alan C. Ward 2012. Family III. Mycobacteriaceae Chester 1897, 63AL in Bergey’s Manual of Systematic
Bacteriology, Volume Five The Actinobacteria, Part A, Michael Goodfellow & al. (editors), 312-375.
Positive results for acid phosphatase, semiquantitative catalase test (45 mm foam), thermostable catalase test (68 ºC), nitrate
reductase, nicotinamidase, pyrazinamidase, Tween hydrolysis and urease.
Negative results for arylsulfatase (14 days), acetamidase, benzamidase, iron uptake, niacin activity, succinamidase.
No acid production from fructose, mannitol, sorbitol, and inositol.
No utilization of sodium citrate.
Variable results for tellurite reduction. Contradictory results for beta-glucosidase activity.
reductase, nicotinamidase, pyrazinamidase, Tween hydrolysis and urease.
Negative results for arylsulfatase (14 days), acetamidase, benzamidase, iron uptake, niacin activity, succinamidase.
No acid production from fructose, mannitol, sorbitol, and inositol.
No utilization of sodium citrate.
Variable results for tellurite reduction. Contradictory results for beta-glucosidase activity.
(c) Costin Stoica
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