Micrococcus antarcticus
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Actinobacteria, Class Actinobacteria, Order Micrococcales, Family Micrococcaceae, Genus Micrococcus, Micrococcus
antarcticus
Liu et al. 2000.
Gram-positive cocci, 0.5-0.8 µm in diameter. Nonmotile. Endospores are not formed.
Colonies are yellow, mucoid and fluffy with entire margins. Optimum growth occurs at
15-17 ºC. Growth occurrs at 0 ºC. Aerobic. Grows in peptone-yeast extract-glucose
medium (PYG).
Isolated from Chinese Great-Wall station in Antarctica. Susceptible to lysozyme, penicillin, tetracycline, erythromycin, novobiocin,
streptomycin, methicillin, chloramphenicol, polymyxin and neomycin.
Undetermined.
  1. Liu H., Xu Y., Ma Y. and Zhou P.: Characterization of Micrococcus antarcticus sp. nov., a psychrophilic bacterium from Antarctica. Int.
    J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2000, 50, 715-719.
  2. Hans-Jurgen Busse, 2012. Family I. Micrococcaceae Pribham 1929, 361 AL emend. Stackebrandt, Rainey and Ward-Rainey 1997,
    479 in: Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology,  second edition, Volume Five The Actinobacteria, Part A, Springer, 571-666.
  3. Wieaser M., Denner E.B.M., Kampfer P., Schumann P., Tindall B., Steiner U., Vybiral D., Lubitz W., Maszenan A.M., Patel B.K.C.,
    Seviour R.J., Radax C. and Busse H.J.: Emended descriptions of the genus Micrococcus, Micrococcus luteus (Cohn 1872) and
    Micrococcus lylae (Kloos et al. 1974). Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2002, 52, 629-637.
  4. Chen H.H., Zhao G.Z., Park D.J., Zhang Y.Q., Xu L.H., Lee J.C., Kim C.J. and Li W.J.: Micrococcus endophyticus sp. nov., isolated
    from surface-sterilized Aquilaria sinensis roots. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2009, 59, 1070-1075.
Positive results for catalase, indole production, methyl red test, nitrate reduction,
oxidase, starch hydrolysis, Tween 20, 40 and 80 hydrolysis and Voges-Proskauer test,
methyl red test, acid production from L-arabinose, arbutin, cellobiose, esculin, fructose, galactose, beta-gentiobiose, glycogen,
glucose, glycerol, inositol, lactose, D-lyxose, melibiose, N-acetylglucosamine, rhamnose, ribose, salicin, starch and D-xylose.
Can utilize arabitol, fructose, fucose, gluconic acid, mannitol, rhamnose, turanose, xylitol, hydroxybutyric acid, L-lactic acid, L-malic
acid, D-malic acid, methyl pyruvate, mono-methyl succinate, succinamic acid, succinic acid, N-acetyl L-glutamic acid, alaninamide, D-
and L-alanine, L-alanyl-glycine, L-asparagine, L-glutamic acid, glycyl-L-glutamic acid, L-pyroglutamic acid, L-serine, glycerol,
adenosine, inosine, thymidine and uridine.

Negative results for arginine dihydrolase, casein hydrolysis, esculin hydrolysis, gelatin hydrolysis, urease, acid production from D-
arabinose, adonitol, dulcitol, erythritol, D-fucose, maltose, mannitol, melezitose, methyl alpha-D-mannoside, methyl
alpha-D-glucoside, gluconate, inulin, raffinose, sucrose, sorbitol, sorbose, trehalose, xylitol and L-xylose.
No utilization of dextrin, glycogen, inulin, mannan, amygdalin, L-arabinose, arbutin, cellobiose, D-galactose, D-galacturonic acid,
gentiobiose, D-glucose, myo-inositol, D-lactose, lactulose, maltose, maltotriose, D-mannose, D-melezitose, D-melibiose, 3-methyl
glucose, palatinose, psicose, raffinose, D-ribose, salicin, sorbitol, stachyose, sucrose, D-tagatose, D-trehalose, D-xylose, acetic acid,
alpha-ketoglutaric acid, alpha-ketovaleric acid, lactamide, propionic acid, pyruvic acid and 2,3-butanediol.
(c) Costin Stoica
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