Biotype B1 is positive for D-tartrate utilization, Voges-Proskauer test, lysine decarboxylase, malonate, and negative for D-melezitose
utilization.
Biotype B2 is positive for lysine decarboxylase, malonate, D-melezitose utilization and negative for D-tartrate utilization,
Voges-Proskauer test.
Biotype B3 is positive for D-melezitose utilization and negative for lysine decarboxylase, malonate. Variable results for D-tartrate
utilization and Voges-Proskauer test.
utilization.
Biotype B2 is positive for lysine decarboxylase, malonate, D-melezitose utilization and negative for D-tartrate utilization,
Voges-Proskauer test.
Biotype B3 is positive for D-melezitose utilization and negative for lysine decarboxylase, malonate. Variable results for D-tartrate
utilization and Voges-Proskauer test.
| Serratia rubidaea |
| Serratia rubidaea contaminated coconut after opening and slicing |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Bacteroidota, Class Gammaproteobacteria, Order Enterobacterales, Family Yersiniaceae, Genus Serratia, Serratia rubidaea
(Stapp 1940) Ewing et al. 1973.
Three biotypes were proposed, corresponding to subspecies designated as "S.
rubidaea subsp. burdigalensis" (B1), "S. rubidaea subsp. rubidaea" (B2), and
"S. rubidaea subsp. colindalensis" (B3).
Old synonym: Bacterium rubidaeum Stapp 1940, Serratia marinorubra ZoBell and
Upham 1944.
(Stapp 1940) Ewing et al. 1973.
Three biotypes were proposed, corresponding to subspecies designated as "S.
rubidaea subsp. burdigalensis" (B1), "S. rubidaea subsp. rubidaea" (B2), and
"S. rubidaea subsp. colindalensis" (B3).
Old synonym: Bacterium rubidaeum Stapp 1940, Serratia marinorubra ZoBell and
Upham 1944.
Gram-negative, straight rods, 0.5-0.8 x 0.9-2.0 μm, non-sporulated. Some strains are
capsulated. Motile by peritrichous flagella.
capsulated. Motile by peritrichous flagella.
Colonies are 1 to 3 mm in diameter, circular, shiny, opaque, cream-white and smooth
with an entire margin. Produce a red, water insoluble pigment (prodigiosin).
Facultatively anaerobic, growth temperature 20-35 ºC (range may vary from 10 to 40
ºC). Doesn't require growth factors.
with an entire margin. Produce a red, water insoluble pigment (prodigiosin).
Facultatively anaerobic, growth temperature 20-35 ºC (range may vary from 10 to 40
ºC). Doesn't require growth factors.
Rarely isolated, either in the natural environment or in human patients. May be found in ripe coconuts.
S. rubidaea infection has been associated with the consumption of contaminated coconuts or vegetables.
- J. G. Holt et al., 1994. Facultatively Anaerobic Gram-Negative Rods. Subgroup 1. Family Enterobacteriaceae. In: Begey’s Manual of
Determinative Bacteriology, 9th-edition, Williams & Wilkins, pp 175-189. - Don J. Brenner and J.J. Farmer III, 2001. Family I. Enterobacteriaceae. In: Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Second
edition, Vol two, part B, George M. Garrity (Editor-in-Chief), pp 587-897. - Adeolu M, Alnajar S, Naushad S, S Gupta R. Genome-based phylogeny and taxonomy of the 'Enterobacteriales': proposal for
Enterobacterales ord. nov. divided into the families Enterobacteriaceae, Erwiniaceae fam. nov., Pectobacteriaceae fam. nov.,
Yersiniaceae fam. nov., Hafniaceae fam. nov., Morganellaceae fam. nov., and Budviciaceae fam. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol
2016; 66:5575-5599.
(c) Costin Stoica
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| R E G N U M PROKARYOTAE |
Legend: + positive 90-100%, - negative 90-100%, [+] positive 75-89%, [-] negative 75-89%, d positive 25-74% of strains, nd - not determined,
ADH - arginine dihydrolase, LDC -lysine decarboxylase, ODC - ornithine decarboxylase, * S glossinae is not included in ABIS database
ADH - arginine dihydrolase, LDC -lysine decarboxylase, ODC - ornithine decarboxylase, * S glossinae is not included in ABIS database
Differential characters:
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Positive results for catalase, ONPG, esculin hydrolysis, citrate utilization, acid
production from fructose, glucose, mannitol, glycerol, maltose, D-mannose, ribose,
salicin and trehalose.
Negative results for oxidase, indole production (excepting S. odorifera), H2S
production, phenylalanine deaminase and acid production from mucate
production from fructose, glucose, mannitol, glycerol, maltose, D-mannose, ribose,
salicin and trehalose.
Negative results for oxidase, indole production (excepting S. odorifera), H2S
production, phenylalanine deaminase and acid production from mucate
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