| Serratia marcescens |
| Serratia marcescens, Gram stain |
| Red-pigmented Serratia marcescens colonies after 72h incubation |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Bacteroidota, Class Gammaproteobacteria, Order Enterobacterales, Family Yersiniaceae, Genus Serratia, Serratia
marcescens Bizio 1823 - type species of the genus.
Synonyms: S. marcescens subsp. marcescens Bizio 1823, S. marcescens subsp. sakuensis Ajithkumar et al. 2003.
marcescens Bizio 1823 - type species of the genus.
Synonyms: S. marcescens subsp. marcescens Bizio 1823, S. marcescens subsp. sakuensis Ajithkumar et al. 2003.
Gram-negative, straight rods, 0.5-0.8 x 0.9-2.0 μm, non-sporulated (subsp. sakuensis
can produce round endospores - later study couldn't demostrate spore production).
Some strains are capsulated. Motile by peritrichous flagella.
Some species produce a red, water insoluble pigment (prodigiosin). Pigment
production is variable and not all strains produce it. Production is influenced by
cultural conditions (30 ºC) and medium composition.
can produce round endospores - later study couldn't demostrate spore production).
Some strains are capsulated. Motile by peritrichous flagella.
Some species produce a red, water insoluble pigment (prodigiosin). Pigment
production is variable and not all strains produce it. Production is influenced by
cultural conditions (30 ºC) and medium composition.
Colonies are 1 to 3 mm in diameter, circular, shiny, opaque, cream-white and smooth
with an entire margin. Prodigiosin or pyrimine pigments can be produced.
Facultatively anaerobic, growth temperature 20-35 ºC (range may vary from 10 to 40
ºC). Don't require growth factors. Media: Nutrient Agar or Nutrient Broth, Trypticase Soy
Agar ± 5% sheep blood, Mac Conkey Agar, Milk Agar.
with an entire margin. Prodigiosin or pyrimine pigments can be produced.
Facultatively anaerobic, growth temperature 20-35 ºC (range may vary from 10 to 40
ºC). Don't require growth factors. Media: Nutrient Agar or Nutrient Broth, Trypticase Soy
Agar ± 5% sheep blood, Mac Conkey Agar, Milk Agar.
Serratia species are widely distributed in nature. Isolated from water, soil, foods, human and animal clinical specimens, mainly from
wounds and the respiratory tract (more frequently S. marcescens) also from moluscs and insects.
Subsp. sakuenis was isolated from the suspended water of a domestic wastewater treatment tank in Komaba, Saku, Nagano, Japan.
wounds and the respiratory tract (more frequently S. marcescens) also from moluscs and insects.
Subsp. sakuenis was isolated from the suspended water of a domestic wastewater treatment tank in Komaba, Saku, Nagano, Japan.
May cause osteomyelitis, peritonitis, pneumonia, keratitis, conjunctivitis, urinary tract infections, sepsis, wound infections,
nosocomial infections. Olds and neonates are more susceptible. Also isolated from a root disease of alfalfa.
nosocomial infections. Olds and neonates are more susceptible. Also isolated from a root disease of alfalfa.
- J. G. Holt et al., 1994. Facultatively Anaerobic Gram-Negative Rods. Subgroup 1. Family Enterobacteriaceae. In: Begey’s Manual of
Determinative Bacteriology, 9th-edition, Williams & Wilkins, pp 175-189. - Bascomb S., Lapage S.P., Willcox W.R. & Curtis M.A.: Numerical classification of the tribe Klebsielleae. Journal of General
Microbiology, 1971, 66, 279-295. - Don J. Brenner and J.J. Farmer III, 2001. Family I. Enterobacteriaceae. In: Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Second
edition, Vol two, part B, George M. Garrity (Editor-in-Chief), pp 587-897. - Adeolu M, Alnajar S, Naushad S, S Gupta R. Genome-based phylogeny and taxonomy of the 'Enterobacteriales': proposal for
Enterobacterales ord. nov. divided into the families Enterobacteriaceae, Erwiniaceae fam. nov., Pectobacteriaceae fam. nov.,
Yersiniaceae fam. nov., Hafniaceae fam. nov., Morganellaceae fam. nov., and Budviciaceae fam. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol
2016; 66:5575-5599. - Cho GS, Stein M, Brinks E, Rathje J, Lee W, Suh SH, Franz CMAP. Serratia nevei sp. nov. and Serratia bockelmannii sp. nov.,
isolated from fresh produce in Germany and reclassification of Serratia marcescens subsp. sakuensis Ajithkumar et al. 2003 as a
later heterotypic synonym of Serratia marcescens subsp. marcescens. Syst Appl Microbiol 2020; 43:126055.
S. marcescens subsp. sakuensis differes from S. marcescens subsp. marcescens in
negative L-arabitol acid forming (positive for S. marcescens subsp. marcescens).
negative L-arabitol acid forming (positive for S. marcescens subsp. marcescens).
(c) Costin Stoica
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Legend: + positive 90-100%, - negative 90-100%, [+] positive 75-89%, [-] negative 75-89%, d positive 25-74% of strains, nd - not determined,
ADH - arginine dihydrolase, LDC -lysine decarboxylase, ODC - ornithine decarboxylase, * S glossinae is not included in ABIS database
ADH - arginine dihydrolase, LDC -lysine decarboxylase, ODC - ornithine decarboxylase, * S glossinae is not included in ABIS database
Differential characters:
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Positive results for catalase, ONPG, esculin hydrolysis, citrate utilization, acid
production from fructose, glucose, mannitol, glycerol, maltose, D-mannose, ribose,
salicin and trehalose.
Negative results for oxidase, indole production, H2S production, phenylalanine
deaminase and acid production from mucate
production from fructose, glucose, mannitol, glycerol, maltose, D-mannose, ribose,
salicin and trehalose.
Negative results for oxidase, indole production, H2S production, phenylalanine
deaminase and acid production from mucate
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