| Pragia fontium |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Proteobacteria, Class Gammaproteobacteria, Order Enterobacterales, Family Budviciaceae, Genus Pragia, Pragia fontium
Aldova et al. 1988, type species of the genus,.
Aldova et al. 1988, type species of the genus,.
Gram-negative rods. Motile by peritrichous flagella.
Nonhemolytic colonies on sheep blood agar, 0.5 mm in diameter. Facultatively
anaerobic, optimum growth temperature 30 ºC. Growth at 4 ºC, but not at 42 ºC.
Grow on media: Nutrient agar or nutrient broth (some strains produce a Shigella-like
odour on nutrient agar), Endo, Mac-Conkey agar, Trypticase Soy Agar ± 5% sheep
blood, TY broth (8 g casein enzymatic hydrolysate type I, 5 g yeast extract powder, 5 g
NaCl per 1,000 ml H2O).
anaerobic, optimum growth temperature 30 ºC. Growth at 4 ºC, but not at 42 ºC.
Grow on media: Nutrient agar or nutrient broth (some strains produce a Shigella-like
odour on nutrient agar), Endo, Mac-Conkey agar, Trypticase Soy Agar ± 5% sheep
blood, TY broth (8 g casein enzymatic hydrolysate type I, 5 g yeast extract powder, 5 g
NaCl per 1,000 ml H2O).
Isolated from water (17 strains) and feces (1 strain).
Unknown pathogenicity (non-pathogenic).
- J. G. Holt et al., 1994. Facultatively Anaerobic Gram-Negative Rods. Subgroup 1. Family Enterobacteriaceae. In: Begey’s Manual of
Determinative Bacteriology, 9th-edition, Williams & Wilkins, pp 175-189. - Aldova E., Hausner O., Brenner D.J., Kocmoud Z., Schindler J., Potuznikova B. & Petras P.: Pragia fontium gen. nov., sp. nov. of the
family Enterobacteriaceae, isolated from water. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1988, 38, 183-189. - Don J. Brenner & J.J. Farmer III, 2004, Family I. Enterobacteriaceae, In: Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Second edition,
Vol two, part B, George M. Garrity (Editor-in-Chief), pp. 740-744. - Adeolu M, Alnajar S, Naushad S, S Gupta R. Genome-based phylogeny and taxonomy of the 'Enterobacteriales': proposal for
Enterobacterales ord. nov. divided into the families Enterobacteriaceae, Erwiniaceae fam. nov., Pectobacteriaceae fam. nov.,
Yersiniaceae fam. nov., Hafniaceae fam. nov., Morganellaceae fam. nov., and Budviciaceae fam. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2016;
66:5575-5599. - Baek C, Shin SK, Yi H. Limnobaculum parvum gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from a freshwater lake. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 69:
1826-1830.
Positive results for H2S production, catalase, nitrates reduction, methyl red test, acid production from D-glucose. Acid production from
glycerol and myo-inositol may be delayed-positive reaction.
Can utilize as sole carbon source potassium gluconate (weak), malic acid, trisodium citrate and sodium thiosulfate.
Negative results for arginine dihydrolase, acid and alkaline phosphatase, casein hydrolysis, cystine arylamidase, alpha-chymotrypsin,
DN-ase, esterase (C4), esterase lipase (C8), gelatin hydrolysis, beta-galactosidase, beta-glucuronidase, alpha- and beta-glucosidase,
N-acetyl-b-glucosaminidase, a-mannosidase, a-fucosidase indole production, phenylalanine deaminase, lysine and ornithine
decarboxylases, lipase (C14), leucine arylamidase, oxidase, malonate, ONPG, growth in KCN medium, urease, Voges-Proskauer test,
valine arylamidase, trypsin, acid production from L-arabinose (type strain is positive in Baek's paper), cellobiose, dulcitol, lactose,
maltose, D-mannitol, D-mannose, melibiose, raffinose, L-rhamnose, D-sorbitol, D-sorbose, starch, sucrose and trehalose.
No utilization of 4-nitrophenylb-D-galactopyranoside, L-arabinose, D-mannose, N-acetyl-glucosamine, maltose, capric acid, adipic acid
or phenylacetic acid.
glycerol and myo-inositol may be delayed-positive reaction.
Can utilize as sole carbon source potassium gluconate (weak), malic acid, trisodium citrate and sodium thiosulfate.
Negative results for arginine dihydrolase, acid and alkaline phosphatase, casein hydrolysis, cystine arylamidase, alpha-chymotrypsin,
DN-ase, esterase (C4), esterase lipase (C8), gelatin hydrolysis, beta-galactosidase, beta-glucuronidase, alpha- and beta-glucosidase,
N-acetyl-b-glucosaminidase, a-mannosidase, a-fucosidase indole production, phenylalanine deaminase, lysine and ornithine
decarboxylases, lipase (C14), leucine arylamidase, oxidase, malonate, ONPG, growth in KCN medium, urease, Voges-Proskauer test,
valine arylamidase, trypsin, acid production from L-arabinose (type strain is positive in Baek's paper), cellobiose, dulcitol, lactose,
maltose, D-mannitol, D-mannose, melibiose, raffinose, L-rhamnose, D-sorbitol, D-sorbose, starch, sucrose and trehalose.
No utilization of 4-nitrophenylb-D-galactopyranoside, L-arabinose, D-mannose, N-acetyl-glucosamine, maltose, capric acid, adipic acid
or phenylacetic acid.
(c) Costin Stoica
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