| Phytobacter diazotrophicus |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Proteobacteria, Class Gammaproteobacteria, Order Enterobacteriales, Family Enterobacteriaceae, Genus Phytobacter,
Phytobacter diazotrophicus Zhang et al. 2017, type species of the genus.
Phytobacter diazotrophicus Zhang et al. 2017, type species of the genus.
Gram-negative rods, 0.6-0.7 x 0.9-1.2 μm. Motile by amphitrichous flagella. Non-
spore-forming.
spore-forming.
Colonies in NFB medium are circular, convex, translucent and with a diameter of 4
mm within 3 days at 30 ºC. Growth occurs at 5-40 ºC (optimum temperature range for
growth is 28-37 ºC). The pH range for growth is between 4 and 10. NaCl above the
concentration of 5% inhibits the growth. Facultatively anaerobic.
mm within 3 days at 30 ºC. Growth occurs at 5-40 ºC (optimum temperature range for
growth is 28-37 ºC). The pH range for growth is between 4 and 10. NaCl above the
concentration of 5% inhibits the growth. Facultatively anaerobic.
Isolated from surface-sterilized stems and roots of subtropical wild rice Oryza rufipogon grown in China. Nitrogen-fixing bacterium.
Undetermined.
- Zhang GX, Peng GX, Wang ET, Yan H, Yuan QH, Zhang W, Lou X, Wu H, Tan ZY. Diverse endophytic nitrogen-fixing bacteria
isolated from wild rice Oryza rufipogon and description of Phytobacter diazotrophicus gen. nov. sp. nov. Arch Microbiol 2008; 189:
431-439. - Pillonetto M, Arend LN, Faoro H, D'Espindula HRS, Blom J, Smits THM, Mira MT, Rezzonico F. Emended description of the genus
Phytobacter, its type species Phytobacter diazotrophicus (Zhang 2008) and description of Phytobacter ursingii sp. nov. Int J Syst
Evol Microbiol 2018; 68:176-184.
Phytobacter diazotrophicus can be differentiated from Phytobacter ursingii by not fermenting D-serine and no utilization of L-sorbose.
Positive results for catalase, beta-galactosidase, indole production, nitrate reduction, Voges-Proskuer test, acid production from
L-arabinose, cellobiose, dulcitol, D-glucose (with gas production), glycerol, lactose, D-mannitol, L-rhamnose, salicin, D-sorbitol,
sucrose, trehalose, and D-xylose.
Can utilize D-arabitol, citrate, L-proline, D-glucosaminic acid, gentiobiose, D-sorbitol, formic acid, D-galactonic acid lactone, acetic
acid, Tween40, Tween80, alpha-D-lactose, malonic acid, beta-hydroxy butyric acid, dextrin, L-arabinose, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine,
D-fructose, D-galactose, alpha-D-glucose, maltose, D-mannitol, D-mannose, beta-methyl-D-glucoside, L-rhamnose, sucrose,
D-trehalose, methyl pyruvate, mono-methyl-succinate, D-galacturonic acid, D-gluconic acid, D-glucuronic acid, DL-lactic acid, succinic
acid, bromo succinic acid, D-alanine, L-alanine, L-alanyl glycine, L-asparagine, L-aspartic acid, glycyl-L-aspartic acid,
glycyl-L-glutamic acid, L-serine, inosine, uridine, glycerol, glucose-1-phosphate, glucose-6-phosphate, cis-aconitic acid, D-saccharic
acid, and L-glutamic acid.
Negative results for arginine dihydrolase, gelatinase, H2S production, ornithine decarboxylase, oxidase, urease, acid production from
inositol, melibiose, and L-sorbose.
No utilization of alpha-cyclodextrin, adonitol, i-erythritol, turanose, xylitol, p-hydroxy phenylacetic acid, itaconic acid, alpha-keto valeric
acid, alpha-hydroxy butyric acid, quinic aicd, sebacic acid, putrescine, hydroxyL-proline, L-leucine, L-phenylalanine, phenyethylamine,
N-acetyl-D-galactosamine, D-cellobiose, L-fucose, D-melibiose, D-raffinose, alpha-keto butyric acid, propionic acid, L-alaninamide,
D-serine, succinamic acid, lactulose, gamma-hydroxy butyric acid, glycogen, m-inositol, L-histidine, L-ornithine, gamma-amino butyric
acid, urocanic acid, L-threonine, and alpha-keto glutaric acid.
Variable results for tryptophan deaminase and lysine decarboxylase.
Positive results for catalase, beta-galactosidase, indole production, nitrate reduction, Voges-Proskuer test, acid production from
L-arabinose, cellobiose, dulcitol, D-glucose (with gas production), glycerol, lactose, D-mannitol, L-rhamnose, salicin, D-sorbitol,
sucrose, trehalose, and D-xylose.
Can utilize D-arabitol, citrate, L-proline, D-glucosaminic acid, gentiobiose, D-sorbitol, formic acid, D-galactonic acid lactone, acetic
acid, Tween40, Tween80, alpha-D-lactose, malonic acid, beta-hydroxy butyric acid, dextrin, L-arabinose, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine,
D-fructose, D-galactose, alpha-D-glucose, maltose, D-mannitol, D-mannose, beta-methyl-D-glucoside, L-rhamnose, sucrose,
D-trehalose, methyl pyruvate, mono-methyl-succinate, D-galacturonic acid, D-gluconic acid, D-glucuronic acid, DL-lactic acid, succinic
acid, bromo succinic acid, D-alanine, L-alanine, L-alanyl glycine, L-asparagine, L-aspartic acid, glycyl-L-aspartic acid,
glycyl-L-glutamic acid, L-serine, inosine, uridine, glycerol, glucose-1-phosphate, glucose-6-phosphate, cis-aconitic acid, D-saccharic
acid, and L-glutamic acid.
Negative results for arginine dihydrolase, gelatinase, H2S production, ornithine decarboxylase, oxidase, urease, acid production from
inositol, melibiose, and L-sorbose.
No utilization of alpha-cyclodextrin, adonitol, i-erythritol, turanose, xylitol, p-hydroxy phenylacetic acid, itaconic acid, alpha-keto valeric
acid, alpha-hydroxy butyric acid, quinic aicd, sebacic acid, putrescine, hydroxyL-proline, L-leucine, L-phenylalanine, phenyethylamine,
N-acetyl-D-galactosamine, D-cellobiose, L-fucose, D-melibiose, D-raffinose, alpha-keto butyric acid, propionic acid, L-alaninamide,
D-serine, succinamic acid, lactulose, gamma-hydroxy butyric acid, glycogen, m-inositol, L-histidine, L-ornithine, gamma-amino butyric
acid, urocanic acid, L-threonine, and alpha-keto glutaric acid.
Variable results for tryptophan deaminase and lysine decarboxylase.
(c) Costin Stoica
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