| Photorhabdus akhurstii |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Proteobacteria, Class Gammaproteobacteria, Order Enterobacteriales, Family Morganellaceae, Genus Photorhabdus,
Photorhabdus akhurstii (Fischer-Le Saux et al. 1999) Machado et al. 2018.
Photorhabdus akhurstii (Fischer-Le Saux et al. 1999) Machado et al. 2018.
Gram-negative rods, 2-3 x 0.5-1.0 µm. Motile by peritrichous flagella.
Maximum temperature for growth in nutrient broth is 38-39 ºC. Yellow or brown
pigment is produced. No phase I isolates have been detected and isolates do not
absorb dyes, sometimes produce antibiotics weakly. Annular hemolysis observed on
sheep-blood agar and, in some strains, on horse-blood agar. Bioluminescent.
pigment is produced. No phase I isolates have been detected and isolates do not
absorb dyes, sometimes produce antibiotics weakly. Annular hemolysis observed on
sheep-blood agar and, in some strains, on horse-blood agar. Bioluminescent.
Symbiotically associated with the nematode Heterorhabditis indica isolated in warm regions, the first strain was isolated from
Australia.
Australia.
Symbiotic bacteria of entomopathogenic nematodes or in the infected insects.
- Marion Fischer-Le Saux, Veronique Viallard, Brigitte Brunel, Phillippe Normand, and Noel E. Boemare. Polyphasic classification of
the genus Photorhabdus and proposal of new taxa: P. luminescens subsp. luminescens subsp. nov., P. luminescens subsp.
akhurstii subsp. nov., P. luminescens subsp. laumondii subsp. nov., P. temperata sp. nov., P. temperata subsp. temperata subsp.
nov. and P. asymbiotica sp. nov. IJSEM October 1999 49:1645-1656. - Don J. Brenner and J.J. Farmer III, 2001. Family I. Enterobacteriaceae. In: Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Second
edition, Vol two, part B, George M. Garrity (Editor-in-Chief), pp 587-897. - Machado RAR, Wuthrich D, Kuhnert P, Arce CCM, Thonen L, Ruiz C, Zhang X, Robert CAM, Karimi J, Kamali S, et al. Whole-
genome-based revisit of Photorhabdus phylogeny: proposal for the elevation of most Photorhabdus subspecies to the species
level and description of one novel species Photorhabdus bodei sp. nov., and one novel subspecies Photorhabdus laumondii
subsp. clarkei subsp. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2018; 68:2664-2681. - Adeolu M, Alnajar S, Naushad S, S Gupta R. Genome-based phylogeny and taxonomy of the 'Enterobacteriales': proposal for
Enterobacterales ord. nov. divided into the families Enterobacteriaceae, Erwiniaceae fam. nov., Pectobacteriaceae fam. nov.,
Yersiniaceae fam. nov., Hafniaceae fam. nov., Morganellaceae fam. nov., and Budviciaceae fam. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol
2016; 66:5575-5599.
Positive results for catalase, esculin hydrolysis, gelatin hydrolysis, lipase (Tween 20 and 80), lecithinase (egg yolk agar), acid
production from: glucose (without gas production), glycerol (weakly), myo-inositol (most strains), N-acetylglucosamine, maltose,
mannitol, mannose, ribose, trehalose (most strains).
Negative results for arginine dihydrolase, DNase, growth in KCN, H2S production, lysine decarboxylase, methyl red, nitrate reduction,
ornithine decarboxylase, oxidase, ONPG, phenylalanine deaminase, tryptophan deaminase, Voges–Proskauer, acid production from
D-adonitol, L-arabinose, cellobiose, dulcitol, fructose, lactose, melibiose, alpha-methyl-D-glucoside, raffinose, L-rhamnose, salicin,
D-sorbitol, sucrose, and D-xylose.
Variable results for citrate utilization, indole production and urease.
production from: glucose (without gas production), glycerol (weakly), myo-inositol (most strains), N-acetylglucosamine, maltose,
mannitol, mannose, ribose, trehalose (most strains).
Negative results for arginine dihydrolase, DNase, growth in KCN, H2S production, lysine decarboxylase, methyl red, nitrate reduction,
ornithine decarboxylase, oxidase, ONPG, phenylalanine deaminase, tryptophan deaminase, Voges–Proskauer, acid production from
D-adonitol, L-arabinose, cellobiose, dulcitol, fructose, lactose, melibiose, alpha-methyl-D-glucoside, raffinose, L-rhamnose, salicin,
D-sorbitol, sucrose, and D-xylose.
Variable results for citrate utilization, indole production and urease.
(c) Costin Stoica
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