| Pantoea agglomerans |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Proteobacteria, Class Gammaproteobacteria, Order Enterobacterales, Family Erwiniaceae, Genus Pantoea, Pantoea
agglomerans Gavini 1989 - type species of the genus.
Old synonyms: Bacillus agglomerans, Beijerinck 1888, Enterobacter agglomerans, Ewing and Fife 1972, Erwinia herbicola (Löhnis
1911) Dye 1964, Corynebacterium beticola Abdou 1969, Bacillus milletiae Kawakami and Yoshida 1920, Erwinia milletiae
(Kawakami and Yoshida 1920) Magrou 1937.
agglomerans Gavini 1989 - type species of the genus.
Old synonyms: Bacillus agglomerans, Beijerinck 1888, Enterobacter agglomerans, Ewing and Fife 1972, Erwinia herbicola (Löhnis
1911) Dye 1964, Corynebacterium beticola Abdou 1969, Bacillus milletiae Kawakami and Yoshida 1920, Erwinia milletiae
(Kawakami and Yoshida 1920) Magrou 1937.
Gram-negative, nonsporing rods, 0.5-1.3 x 1.0-3.0 μm, motile by peritrichous flagella.
Some bacteria forms aggregate structures called `symplasmata'.
Some bacteria forms aggregate structures called `symplasmata'.
Colonies on nutrient agar are smooth, translucent, and more or less convex with
entire margins. Nonpigmented or yellow, pale beige to pale reddish yellow colonies.
Facultatively anaerobic, growth temperature 30-37 ºC.
Grow on media: Nutrient agar or nutrient broth; Trypticase Soy Agar ± 5% sheep blood;
Luria-Bertani. Growth on KCN is variable.
entire margins. Nonpigmented or yellow, pale beige to pale reddish yellow colonies.
Facultatively anaerobic, growth temperature 30-37 ºC.
Grow on media: Nutrient agar or nutrient broth; Trypticase Soy Agar ± 5% sheep blood;
Luria-Bertani. Growth on KCN is variable.
Widely distributed in nature. Isolated from water, soil, plants, human and animal feces.
Pantoea (Enterobacter) agglomerans can cause opportunistic infections in immune compromised patients. Some reports of arthritis
caused by P. agglomerans wound infection (plant thorn injury).
Some strains (former Erwinia milletiae) have been reported to cause galls on Wisteria floribunda and Wisteria japonica; some strains
cause galls on Gypsophyla paniculata, and some strains cause stalk and leaf necrosis on onion plants.
caused by P. agglomerans wound infection (plant thorn injury).
Some strains (former Erwinia milletiae) have been reported to cause galls on Wisteria floribunda and Wisteria japonica; some strains
cause galls on Gypsophyla paniculata, and some strains cause stalk and leaf necrosis on onion plants.
- J. G. Holt et al., 1994. Facultatively Anaerobic Gram-Negative Rods. Subgroup 1. Family Enterobacteriaceae. In: Begey’s Manual of
Determinative Bacteriology, 9th-edition, Williams & Wilkins, pp 175-189. - Ewing, W. H. & Fife, M. A. Enterobacter agglomerans (Beijerinck) comb. nov. (the herbicola-lathyri bacteria). Int J Syst Bacteriol 22,
4–11, 1972. - Gavini F., Mergaert J., Beji A., Mielcarek C., Izard D., Kersters K. & De Ley J.: Transfer of Enterobacter agglomerans (Beijerinck
1888) Ewing and Fife 1972 to Pantoea gen. nov. as Pantoea agglomerans comb. nov. and description of Pantoea dispersa sp.
nov. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol., 1989, 39, 337-345. - Don J. Brenner and J.J. Farmer III, 2001. Family I. Enterobacteriaceae. In: Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Second
edition, Vol two, part B, George M. Garrity (Editor-in-Chief), pp 587-897. - Adeolu M, Alnajar S, Naushad S, S Gupta R. Genome-based phylogeny and taxonomy of the 'Enterobacteriales': proposal for
Enterobacterales ord. nov. divided into the families Enterobacteriaceae, Erwiniaceae fam. nov., Pectobacteriaceae fam. nov.,
Yersiniaceae fam. nov., Hafniaceae fam. nov., Morganellaceae fam. nov., and Budviciaceae fam. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol
2016; 66:5575-5599. - Beji A, Mergaert J, Gavini F, Izard D, Kersters K, Leclerc H, De Ley J. Subjective synonymy of Erwinia herbicola, Erwinia milletiae,
and Enterobacter agglomerans and redefinition of the taxon by genotypic and phenotypic data. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol. 1988; 38:77-
88.
Positive results for catalase, DN-ase, acid production from glucose, D-mannitol, L-arabinose, D-mannose, trehalose and D-xylose.
Can utilize D-glucuronate and D-tartrate as sole carbon sources.
Negative results for oxidase, arginine dihydrolase, gelatin hydrolysis, indole production, lysine decarboxylase, ornithine
decarboxylase, urea hydrolysis, phenylalanine deaminase, acid production from: dulcitol, alpha-methyl-D-glucoside and D-adonitol.
No utilization of meso-erythritol, gentiobiose, 5-ketogluconate, D-melibiose and D-raffinose.
Variable results for Voges-Proskauer test, lactose and salicin fermentation
Can utilize D-glucuronate and D-tartrate as sole carbon sources.
Negative results for oxidase, arginine dihydrolase, gelatin hydrolysis, indole production, lysine decarboxylase, ornithine
decarboxylase, urea hydrolysis, phenylalanine deaminase, acid production from: dulcitol, alpha-methyl-D-glucoside and D-adonitol.
No utilization of meso-erythritol, gentiobiose, 5-ketogluconate, D-melibiose and D-raffinose.
Variable results for Voges-Proskauer test, lactose and salicin fermentation
(c) Costin Stoica
| Antibiogram |
| Encyclopedia |
| Culture media |
| Biochemical tests |
| Stainings |
| Images |
| Movies |
| Articles |
| Identification |
| Software |
| R E G N U M PROKARYOTAE |
| Back |