| Escherichia albertii |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Proteobacteria, Class Gammaproteobacteria, Order Enterobacterales, Family Enterobacteriaceae, Genus Escherichia,
Escherichia albertii Huys et al. 2003.
Escherichia albertii Huys et al. 2003.
Gram-negative rods. Non-spore-forming. Non-motile.
Colonies are non-pigmented. Generally, produce lactose-negative colonies on
selective agar. No growth on KCN medium.
selective agar. No growth on KCN medium.
Isolated from various domestic and migratory birds, pigs, cats, dogs, bats, penguins,
seals, humans, environment, water, packed lunch, lettuce, salad, cheese and pork,
chicken, giblets, mutton, duck meat and minced meat.
seals, humans, environment, water, packed lunch, lettuce, salad, cheese and pork,
chicken, giblets, mutton, duck meat and minced meat.
May be present in animals or humans as a commensal or pathogen. Isolated from diarrhoeal stools. Its pathogenesis depends on
its ability to adhere to epithelial cells with the formation of attaching-effacing lesions through type III secretion system effectors and an
outer membrane protein (intimin), similar EHEC and EPEC. These lesions promote the bacterial invasion, while the ability of E.
albertii to survive intracellular protects it from intestinal clearance and the immune system. Cytolethal distending toxin (Cdt) is linked
with persistent colonization and bacterial invasion, and cdtB gene is a genetic marker for the identification of this pathogen. Some
strains encode Shiga toxin 2 (Stx2a or STX2f). Stx2a toxin increases virulence.
its ability to adhere to epithelial cells with the formation of attaching-effacing lesions through type III secretion system effectors and an
outer membrane protein (intimin), similar EHEC and EPEC. These lesions promote the bacterial invasion, while the ability of E.
albertii to survive intracellular protects it from intestinal clearance and the immune system. Cytolethal distending toxin (Cdt) is linked
with persistent colonization and bacterial invasion, and cdtB gene is a genetic marker for the identification of this pathogen. Some
strains encode Shiga toxin 2 (Stx2a or STX2f). Stx2a toxin increases virulence.
- Don J. Brenner and J.J. Farmer III, 2001. Family I. Enterobacteriaceae. In: Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Second
edition, Vol two, part B, George M. Garrity (Editor-in-Chief), pp 587-897. - Huys (G.) et al. Escherichia albertii sp. nov., a diarrhoeagenic species isolated from stool specimens of Bangladeshi children. Int.
J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol., 2003, 53, 807-810. - Sharon L. Abbott, Jennifer O'Connor, Tom Robin,Barbara L. Zimmer and J. Michael Janda: Biochemical Properties of a Newly
Described Escherichia Species, Escherichia albertii. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, October 2003, p. 4852-4854, Vol. 41, No. 10. - Adeolu M, Alnajar S, Naushad S, S Gupta R. Genome-based phylogeny and taxonomy of the 'Enterobacteriales': proposal for
Enterobacterales ord. nov. divided into the families Enterobacteriaceae, Erwiniaceae fam. nov., Pectobacteriaceae fam. nov.,
Yersiniaceae fam. nov., Hafniaceae fam. nov., Morganellaceae fam. nov., and Budviciaceae fam. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2016. - Murakami K, Maeda-Mitani E, Kimura H, Honda M et al., 2019. Non-biogroup 1 or 2 Strains of the Emerging Zoonotic Pathogen
Escherichia albertii, Their Proposed Assignment to Biogroup 3, and Their Commonly Detected Characteristics. Front. Microbiol.
10:1543. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01543. - Oaks JL, Besser TE, Walk ST, Gordon DM et al., 2010. Escherichia albertii in wild and domestic birds. Emerging Infectious
Diseases 16(4) 638-646. doi: 10.3201/eid1604.090695. - Muchaamba F, Barmettler K, Treier A, Houf K and Stephan R, 2022. Microbiology and epidemiology of Escherichia albertii – an
emerging elusive foodborne pathogen. Microorganisms 10, 875. DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms 10050875. - Leszczynska K, Swiecicka I, Daniluk T, Lebensztejn D et al., 2023. Escherichia albertii as a potential enteropathogen in the light of
epidemiological and genomic studies. Genes 14, 1384. DOI: 10.3390/genes14071384. - Maheux AF, Boudreau DK, Bergeron MG and Rodriguez MJ, 2014. Characterization of Escherichia fergusonii and Escherichia
albertii isolated from water. J Appl Microbiol 117, 597-609.
Glucose and other carbohydrates are fermented with the production of pyruvate, which
is converted into lactic, acetic and formic acids. Part of the formic acid is split into CO2
and H2.
Positive results for catalase, methyl red test, nitrate reduction, acid production from: fructose, galactose, glucose, D-mannose, N-
acetylglucosamine and ribose.
Negative results for citrate utilization, DN-ase, beta-D-glucosidase, alpha-galactosidase, H2S production, lipase, gelatinase, oxidase,
urease, Voges-Proskauer reaction, phenylalanine and acid production from: adonitol, amygdalin, D- and L-arabitol, arbutin,
cellobiose, dulcitol, erythritol, esculin, D-fucose, glycogen, gentiobiose, inulin, alpha-methyl-D-glucoside, alpha-methyl-D-
xylopyranoside, alpha-methyl-D-mannopyranoside, inositol, D-lyxose, D-melezitose, salicin, starch, D-turanose, L-xylose and xylitol.
Variable results for: alkaline phosphatase, arginine dihydrolase, esculin hydrolysis, beta-galactosidase, indole production, lysine
decarboxylase, ornithine decarboylase, acid production from D- and L-arabinose, L-fucose, glycerol, lactose, maltose, D-mannitol,
melibiose, raffinose, rhamnose, D-sorbitol, L-sorbose, sucrose, D-tagatose, trehalose and D-xylose.
is converted into lactic, acetic and formic acids. Part of the formic acid is split into CO2
and H2.
Positive results for catalase, methyl red test, nitrate reduction, acid production from: fructose, galactose, glucose, D-mannose, N-
acetylglucosamine and ribose.
Negative results for citrate utilization, DN-ase, beta-D-glucosidase, alpha-galactosidase, H2S production, lipase, gelatinase, oxidase,
urease, Voges-Proskauer reaction, phenylalanine and acid production from: adonitol, amygdalin, D- and L-arabitol, arbutin,
cellobiose, dulcitol, erythritol, esculin, D-fucose, glycogen, gentiobiose, inulin, alpha-methyl-D-glucoside, alpha-methyl-D-
xylopyranoside, alpha-methyl-D-mannopyranoside, inositol, D-lyxose, D-melezitose, salicin, starch, D-turanose, L-xylose and xylitol.
Variable results for: alkaline phosphatase, arginine dihydrolase, esculin hydrolysis, beta-galactosidase, indole production, lysine
decarboxylase, ornithine decarboylase, acid production from D- and L-arabinose, L-fucose, glycerol, lactose, maltose, D-mannitol,
melibiose, raffinose, rhamnose, D-sorbitol, L-sorbose, sucrose, D-tagatose, trehalose and D-xylose.
(c) Costin Stoica
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Escherichia albertii biogroups* differentiation:
* not all E. albertii strains fit in these groups.
