| Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Actinobacteria, Class Actinobacteria, Subclass Actibacteridae, Order Actynomycetales, Suborder Micrococcinae, Family
Microbacteriaceae, Genus Leifsonia Evtushenko, Dorofeeva, Subbotin, Cole and Tiedje 2000, Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli ( Davis,
Gillaspsie Jr., Vidaver and Harris 1984) Evtushenko, Dorofeeva, Subbotin, Cole and Tiedje 2000, comb. nov.
Historical synonyms: Clavibacter xyli subsp. xyli Davis, Gillaspsie Jr., Vidaver and Harris 1984.
Microbacteriaceae, Genus Leifsonia Evtushenko, Dorofeeva, Subbotin, Cole and Tiedje 2000, Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli ( Davis,
Gillaspsie Jr., Vidaver and Harris 1984) Evtushenko, Dorofeeva, Subbotin, Cole and Tiedje 2000, comb. nov.
Historical synonyms: Clavibacter xyli subsp. xyli Davis, Gillaspsie Jr., Vidaver and Harris 1984.
Gram-positive, pleomorphic rods, 0.2 / 5.0 µm. Non-motile. Non-spore-forming.
Colonies are visible after 7-10 days; colonies on SC agar are white, convex, diameter
0.1 to 0.3 mm, glistening, opaque and butyrous. No growth on CB agar. Obligately
aerobic. Grows at 26-30 ºC, optimum. Can grow at 31 ºC, but not at 32 ºC. Can grow
in 1% NaCl, variable growth in 3% NaCl, and no growth in 5% NaCl. No growth in
0.03% tellurium acetate.
0.1 to 0.3 mm, glistening, opaque and butyrous. No growth on CB agar. Obligately
aerobic. Grows at 26-30 ºC, optimum. Can grow at 31 ºC, but not at 32 ºC. Can grow
in 1% NaCl, variable growth in 3% NaCl, and no growth in 5% NaCl. No growth in
0.03% tellurium acetate.
Isolated from sugarcane from the United States, Brazil, Japan, and South Africa.
Pathogenic, induce ratoon stunting disease in sugarcane (Saccharum interspecific hybrids).
- Holt J.G., Krieg N.R., Sneath P.H.A., Staley J.T. and Williams S.T., 1994. Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, Ninth
Edition, Williams & Wilkins, A Waverly Company, Baltimore, pp 571-596. - Davis M.J., Gillaspie Jr. A.G., Vidaver A.K. and Harris R.W., 1984. Clavibacter: a New Genus Containing Some Phytopathogenic
Coryneform Bacteria, Including Clavibacter xyli subsp. xyli sp. nov., subsp. nov. and Clavibacter xyli subsp. cynodontis subsp.
nov., Pathogens That Cause Ratoon Stunting Disease of Sugarcane and Bermudagrass Stunting Disease. IJSB Vol. 34, No. 2, p.
107-117. - Evtushenko L.I., Dorofeeva L.V., Subbotin S.A., Cole J.R. and Tiedje J.M., 2000. Leifsonia poae gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from
nematode galls on Poa annua, and reclassification of ‘Corynebacterium aquaticum’ Leifson 1962 as Leifsonia aquatica (ex
Leifson 1962) gen. nov., nom. rev., comb. nov. and Clavibacter xyli Davis et al. 1984 with two subspecies as Leifsonia xyli (Davis
et al. 1984) gen. nov., comb. nov. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 50, 371-380.
Non-acid-fast.
Positive results for catalase, acid production from: glucose, maltose, mannitol & starch.
Negative results for casein hydrolysis, citrate utilization, esculin hydrolysis, gelatinase, H2S production, indole production, lipase,
methyl red reduction, nitrate reduction, oxidase, starch hydrolysis, Tween 20 and 80 hydrolysis, tyrosine hydrolysis, urease,
Voges-Proskauer test, acid production from: adonitol, arabinose, arbutin, cellobiose, dulcitol, esculin, fructose, galactose, inositol,
inulin, lactose, melezitose, melibiose, raffinose, rhamnose, ribose, salicin, sorbitol, sucrose & xylose.
Variable results for acid production from: glycerol, mannose & trehalose.
Positive results for catalase, acid production from: glucose, maltose, mannitol & starch.
Negative results for casein hydrolysis, citrate utilization, esculin hydrolysis, gelatinase, H2S production, indole production, lipase,
methyl red reduction, nitrate reduction, oxidase, starch hydrolysis, Tween 20 and 80 hydrolysis, tyrosine hydrolysis, urease,
Voges-Proskauer test, acid production from: adonitol, arabinose, arbutin, cellobiose, dulcitol, esculin, fructose, galactose, inositol,
inulin, lactose, melezitose, melibiose, raffinose, rhamnose, ribose, salicin, sorbitol, sucrose & xylose.
Variable results for acid production from: glycerol, mannose & trehalose.
(c) Costin Stoica
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