| Leifsonia xyli subsp. cynodontis |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Actinobacteria, Class Actinobacteria, Subclass Actibacteridae, Order Actynomycetales, Suborder Micrococcinae, Family
Microbacteriaceae, Genus Leifsonia Evtushenko, Dorofeeva, Subbotin, Cole and Tiedje 2000, Leifsonia xyli subsp. cynodontis (Davis,
Gillaspsie Jr., Vidaver and Harris 1984) Evtushenko, Dorofeeva, Subbotin, Cole and Tiedje 2000, comb. nov.
Historical synonyms: Clavibacter xyli subsp. cynodontis Davis, Gillaspsie Jr., Vidaver and Harris 1984; Leifsonia cynodontis (Davis,
Gillaspsie Jr., Vidaver and Harris 1984) Evtushenko, Dorofeeva, Subbotin, Cole and Tiedje 2000.
Microbacteriaceae, Genus Leifsonia Evtushenko, Dorofeeva, Subbotin, Cole and Tiedje 2000, Leifsonia xyli subsp. cynodontis (Davis,
Gillaspsie Jr., Vidaver and Harris 1984) Evtushenko, Dorofeeva, Subbotin, Cole and Tiedje 2000, comb. nov.
Historical synonyms: Clavibacter xyli subsp. cynodontis Davis, Gillaspsie Jr., Vidaver and Harris 1984; Leifsonia cynodontis (Davis,
Gillaspsie Jr., Vidaver and Harris 1984) Evtushenko, Dorofeeva, Subbotin, Cole and Tiedje 2000.
Gram positive, pleomorphic rods, 0.2-0.3 / 3.0-6.0 µm. Non-spore-forming.
Non-motile.
Non-motile.
Colonies are visible after 5-7 days; colonies on SC agar are yellow, convex, diameter
0.4 to 1.0 mm, glistening, opaque and butyrous. No growth on CB agar. Obligately
aerobic. Grows at 26-30 ºC, optimum. Can grow at 35 ºC, but not at 36 ºC. Can grow
in 1% and 3% NaCl, but no growth in 5% NaCl.
0.4 to 1.0 mm, glistening, opaque and butyrous. No growth on CB agar. Obligately
aerobic. Grows at 26-30 ºC, optimum. Can grow at 35 ºC, but not at 36 ºC. Can grow
in 1% and 3% NaCl, but no growth in 5% NaCl.
Isolated from xylem vessels of Bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon), Taiwan.
It was experimentally shown to be pathogenic for Bermudagrass, causing a disease named Bermudagrass stunting disease; this
disease is not known to occur in nature.
disease is not known to occur in nature.
- Holt J.G., Krieg N.R., Sneath P.H.A., Staley J.T. and Williams S.T., 1994. Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, Ninth
Edition, Williams & Wilkins, A Waverly Company, Baltimore, pp 571-596. - Davis M.J., Gillaspie Jr. A.G., Vidaver A.K. and Harris R.W., 1984. Clavibacter: a New Genus Containing Some Phytopathogenic
Coryneform Bacteria, Including Clavibacter xyli subsp. xyli sp. nov., subsp. nov. and Clavibacter xyli subsp. cynodontis subsp.
nov., Pathogens That Cause Ratoon Stunting Disease of Sugarcane and Bermudagrass Stunting Disease. IJSB Vol. 34, No. 2, p.
107-117. - Evtushenko L.I., Dorofeeva L.V., Subbotin S.A., Cole J.R. and Tiedje J.M., 2000. Leifsonia poae gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from
nematode galls on Poa annua, and reclassification of ‘Corynebacterium aquaticum’ Leifson 1962 as Leifsonia aquatica (ex
Leifson 1962) gen. nov., nom. rev., comb. nov. and Clavibacter xyli Davis et al. 1984 with two subspecies as Leifsonia xyli (Davis
et al. 1984) gen. nov., comb. nov. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 50, 371-380. - Suzuki K., Suzuki M., Sasaki J., Park Y. and Komagata K., 1999. Leifsonia gen. nov., a genus for 2,4-diaminobutyric acid-containing
actinomycetes to accommodate “Corynebacterium aquaticum” Leifson 1962 and Clavibacter xyli subsp. cynodontis Davis et al.
1984. J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol., 45, 253-262.
Non-acid-fast.
Positive results for catalase, citrate utilisation, starch hydrolysis, Voges-Proskauer test,
acid production from: glucose, glycerol, maltose, mannitol, mannose, starch & trehalose.
Negative results for casein hydrolysis, esculin hydrolysis, gelatinase, H2S production, indole production, lipase, methyl red reduction,
nitrate reduction, oxidase, Tween 20 and 80 hydrolysis, tyrosine hydrolysis, urease, acid production from: adonitol, arabinose, arbutin,
cellobiose, dulcitol, esculin, fructose, galactose, inositol, inulin, lactose, melezitose, melibiose, raffinose, rhamnose, ribose, salicin,
sorbitol, sucrose & xylose.
Positive results for catalase, citrate utilisation, starch hydrolysis, Voges-Proskauer test,
acid production from: glucose, glycerol, maltose, mannitol, mannose, starch & trehalose.
Negative results for casein hydrolysis, esculin hydrolysis, gelatinase, H2S production, indole production, lipase, methyl red reduction,
nitrate reduction, oxidase, Tween 20 and 80 hydrolysis, tyrosine hydrolysis, urease, acid production from: adonitol, arabinose, arbutin,
cellobiose, dulcitol, esculin, fructose, galactose, inositol, inulin, lactose, melezitose, melibiose, raffinose, rhamnose, ribose, salicin,
sorbitol, sucrose & xylose.
(c) Costin Stoica
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