| Clostridium cellulofermentans |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Firmicutes, Class Clostridia, Order Clostridiales, Family Clostridiaceae, Genus Clostridium, Clostridium cellulofermentans
He, Ding and Long 1991.
He, Ding and Long 1991.
Gram-negative, straight or slightly curved rods, 0.4-0.7 x 1.5-7.0 µm, occur singly or in
pairs/chains. Motile by peritrichous flagella. Spores are spherical or oval, 0.8-1.2 µm
in diameter, terminal, swelling the cell.
pairs/chains. Motile by peritrichous flagella. Spores are spherical or oval, 0.8-1.2 µm
in diameter, terminal, swelling the cell.
Anaerobic. On cellulose agar clear zones appear within 48-72 hours. Surface colonies
are white, opaque, and flat to slightly convex, with entire or slightly undulate margins.
Slight growth occurs in PY medium (peptone, yeast extract) with no fermentable
carbohydrate. Grows at 20-45 ºC and pH 6.0-8.2. Optimum temperature 37-40 ºC;
optimum pH 7.0-7.2.
are white, opaque, and flat to slightly convex, with entire or slightly undulate margins.
Slight growth occurs in PY medium (peptone, yeast extract) with no fermentable
carbohydrate. Grows at 20-45 ºC and pH 6.0-8.2. Optimum temperature 37-40 ºC;
optimum pH 7.0-7.2.
Isolated from soil at a dairy farm. Spore can survive 100 ºC for 10 minutes.
Undetermined.
- N.A. Logan and P. De Vos, 2009. Genus I. Clostridium Prazmowski 1880. In: (Eds.) P.D. Vos, G. Garrity, D. Jones, N.R. Krieg, W.
Ludwig, F.A. Rainey, K.-H. Schleifer, W.B. Whitman. Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume 3: The Firmicutes,
Springer, 738-828. - He Y., Ding Y., and Long Y., 1991. Two Cellulolytic Clostridium Species: Clostridium cellulosi sp. nov. and Clostridium
cellulofermentans sp. nov. IJSB 41, No. 2, p. 306-309.
Cellulose is fermented to carbon dioxide, hydrogen, ethanol and acetic acid.
Milk reaction is positive (curd).
Positive results for hydrogen production, nitrate reduction, substrate utilized and/or acid produced from: cellobiose, cellulose, esculin,
fructose, galactose, glucose, glycogen, inulin, lactose, maltose, mannitol, mannose, melibiose, raffinose, salicin, sucrose, trehalose
& xylose.
Negative results for catalase, hydrolysis of gelatin, indole production, Voges-Proskauer reaction, substrate utilized and/or acid
produced from: arabinose, erythritol, glycerol, melezitose, rhamnose, sorbitol, sorbose & starch.
Milk reaction is positive (curd).
Positive results for hydrogen production, nitrate reduction, substrate utilized and/or acid produced from: cellobiose, cellulose, esculin,
fructose, galactose, glucose, glycogen, inulin, lactose, maltose, mannitol, mannose, melibiose, raffinose, salicin, sucrose, trehalose
& xylose.
Negative results for catalase, hydrolysis of gelatin, indole production, Voges-Proskauer reaction, substrate utilized and/or acid
produced from: arabinose, erythritol, glycerol, melezitose, rhamnose, sorbitol, sorbose & starch.
(c) Costin Stoica
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