| Bifidobacterium longum subsp. suis |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum “Actinobacteria”, Class Actinobacteria, Order Bifidobacteriales, Family Bifidobacteriaceae, Genus Bifidobacterium,
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. suis (Matteuzzi et al. 1971) Mattarelli, Bonaparte, Pot, Biavati, 2008.
Old synonyms: Bifidobacterium suis Matteuzzi, Crociani, Zani and Trovatelli 1971.
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. suis (Matteuzzi et al. 1971) Mattarelli, Bonaparte, Pot, Biavati, 2008.
Old synonyms: Bifidobacterium suis Matteuzzi, Crociani, Zani and Trovatelli 1971.
Gram-positive, cells slender, elongated, 2-6 µm long, with rare terminal bifurcations
of clubs. Non-motile.
of clubs. Non-motile.
Colonies are soft, smooth, white, with entire margins. Fluid cultures are turbid,
clearing after 1-2 days, with dispersible sediment. No growth in carbohydrate-free
medium. Riboflavin is required for growth. Anaerobic. Optimum growth temperature is
38-39 ºC. Can grow at 45 ºC, variable growth at 20 ºC, no growth at 46.5 ºC. Grows at
pH 5.3-9.4 (optimum pH 7-8); variable at pH 9.5.
clearing after 1-2 days, with dispersible sediment. No growth in carbohydrate-free
medium. Riboflavin is required for growth. Anaerobic. Optimum growth temperature is
38-39 ºC. Can grow at 45 ºC, variable growth at 20 ºC, no growth at 46.5 ºC. Grows at
pH 5.3-9.4 (optimum pH 7-8); variable at pH 9.5.
Isolated from faeces of piglets.
Non-pathogenic for man or animals.
- Biavati B, Mattarelli P, 2012. Genus I. Bifidobacterium Orla-Jensen 1924. In: Parte et al. (ed). Bergey’s manual of systematic
bacteriology: The Actinobacteria,Part A and B. Springer, New York, 171-206. - Rogosa M. 1975. Genus III. Bifidobacterium Orla-Jensen 1924. In: Buchanan RE & Gibbons NE (ed). Bergey’s manual of
determinative bacteriology, Eight Edition, The Williams & Wilkins Company, Baltimore, 669-676. - Mattarelli P, Bonaparte C, Pot B, Biavati B, 2008.Proposal to reclassify the three biotypes of Bifidobacterium longum as three
subspecies: Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum subsp. nov., Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis comb. nov. and
Bifidobacterium longum subsp. suis comb. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 58, 767-772. - Sakata S, Kitahara M, Sakamoto M, Hayashi H, Fukuyama M, Benno Y, 2002. Unification of Bifidobacterium infantis and
Bifidobacterium suis as Bifidobacterium longum. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 52, 1945-1951. - Yanokura E, Oki K, Makino H, Modesto M, Pot B, Mattarelli P, Biavati B, Watanabe K, 2015. Subspeciation of Bifidobacterium longum
by multilocus approaches and amplified fragment length polymorphism: description of B. longum subsp. suillum subsp. nov.,
isolated from the faeces of piglets. Syst Appl Microbiol 38, 305-314. - Modesto M, Michelini S, Stefanini I, Sandri C, Spiezio C, Pisi AM, Filippini G, Biavati B and Mattarelli P, 2015. Bifidobacterium
lemurum sp. nov., from faeces of the ring-tailed lemur (Lemur catta). IJSEM 65, 1726-1734.
Positive results for acid phosphatase, cystine arylamidase, esculin hydrolysis, leucine arylamidase, urease, valine arylamidase, acid
production from L-arabinose, D-fructose, D-galactose, D-glucose, D-lactose, maltose, melibiose, raffinose, sucrose, turanose, and
D-xylose
Negative results for alkaline phosphatase, catalase, esterase C4, esterase lipase C8, indole production, nitrate reduction,
Voges-Proskauer test, acid production from D-arabinose, cellobiose, dextran, dulcitol, erythritol, esculin, L- and D-fucose, gluconate, 2-
and 5-ketogluconate, D-glucuronate, glycerol, glycogen, inositol, D-lyxose, D-mannitol, melezitose, alpha-methyl-D-mannoside, pectin,
porcine gastric mucin, rhamnose, D-ribose, D-sorbitol, L-sorbose, starch, D-tagatose, L-xylose, xylitol, and xylan.
Variable results for acid production from adonitol, amygdalin (weak reaction), amylopectin, amylose, D-galactosamine, D-glucosamine,
gentibiose, inulin, D-mannose, methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside, N-acethyl glucosamine, salicin (weak), and trehalose (weak).
production from L-arabinose, D-fructose, D-galactose, D-glucose, D-lactose, maltose, melibiose, raffinose, sucrose, turanose, and
D-xylose
Negative results for alkaline phosphatase, catalase, esterase C4, esterase lipase C8, indole production, nitrate reduction,
Voges-Proskauer test, acid production from D-arabinose, cellobiose, dextran, dulcitol, erythritol, esculin, L- and D-fucose, gluconate, 2-
and 5-ketogluconate, D-glucuronate, glycerol, glycogen, inositol, D-lyxose, D-mannitol, melezitose, alpha-methyl-D-mannoside, pectin,
porcine gastric mucin, rhamnose, D-ribose, D-sorbitol, L-sorbose, starch, D-tagatose, L-xylose, xylitol, and xylan.
Variable results for acid production from adonitol, amygdalin (weak reaction), amylopectin, amylose, D-galactosamine, D-glucosamine,
gentibiose, inulin, D-mannose, methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside, N-acethyl glucosamine, salicin (weak), and trehalose (weak).
(c) Costin Stoica
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