Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum “Actinobacteria”, Class Actinobacteria, Order Bifidobacteriales, Family Bifidobacteriaceae, Genus Bifidobacterium,
Bifidobacterium indicum Scardovi and Trovatelli 1969.
Heterotypic synonym: Bifidobacterium coryneforme (Scardovi and Trovatelli 1969) Biavati, Scardovi and Moore, 1982.
Cells are 2-2.5 µm long, with slightly bifurcated ends to give bone-like appearance
and arranged in pairs; aged cells are characteristically staghorn-shaped.
Colonies are convex, smooth, with entire edge and glistening surface; consistency is
such that entire colony is removed by needle and can hardly be emulsified in water.
Deep colonies are lens shaped. In liquid media there is turbidity and dispersible
sediment. Anaerobic, CO2 is required for growth. Growth temperature is 22-43,
optimum 37 ºC.
Isolated from the intestine of Apis cerana subsp. indica from Malaysia and from intestine of Apis dorsata.
Undetermined.
- Biavati B, Mattarelli P, 2012. Genus I. Bifidobacterium Orla-Jensen 1924. In: Parte et al. (ed). Bergey’s manual of systematic
bacteriology: The Actinobacteria, Part A and B. Springer, New York, 171-206.
- Rogosa M. 1975. Genus III. Bifidobacterium Orla-Jensen 1924. In: Buchanan RE & Gibbons NE (ed). Bergey’s Manual of
Determinative Bacteriology, Eight Edition, The Williams & Wilkins Company, Baltimore, 669-676.
- Killer J, Kopecny J, Mrazek J, Koppova I, Havlik J, Benada O and Kott T, 2011. Bifidobacterium actinocoloniiforme sp. nov. and
Bifidobacterium bohemicum sp. nov., from the bumblebee digestive tract. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 61, 1315-1321.
Positive results for arginine arylamidase, alanine arylamidase, alpha- and beta-galactosidase, alpha- and beta-glucosidase, histidine
arylamidase, leucine arylamidase, phenylalanine arylamidase, proline arylamidase, tyrosine arylamidase, acid production from
amygdalin, arbutin, cellobiose, D-fructose, D-galactosamine, gentibiose, glucose, gluconate (with gas production (CO2) ),
D-glucosamine, melibiose, raffinose, D-ribose, salicin and sucrose.
Negative results for alkaline phosphatase, arginine dihydrolase, alpha-fucosidase, beta-glucuronidase, indole production, nitrate
reduction, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, oxidase, pyroglutamic acid arylamidase, urease, acid production from adonitol, amylopectin,
amylose, D- and L-arabitol, dextran, dulcitol, erythritol, D- and L-fucose, D-glucuronate, glycerol, 2- and 5-ketogluconate, inositol, inulin,
D-lactose, D-lyxose, D-mannitol, melezitose, alpha-methyl-D-mannoside, N-acetylglucosamine, porcine gastric mucin, rhamnose,
D-sorbitol, L-sorbose, starch, D-tagatose, trehalose, methyl beta-D-xylopyranoside, xylitol, xylose and xylan.
Variable results for catalase (positive only when grown in presence of hemin), acid production from L-arabinose, D-galactose, maltose,
D-mannose, methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside and pectin.
(c) Costin Stoica