Bifidobacterium gallinarum subsp. gallinarum
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Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum “Actinobacteria”, Class Actinobacteria, Order Bifidobacteriales, Family Bifidobacteriaceae, Genus Bifidobacterium,
Bifidobacterium gallinarum subsp. gallinarum (Watabe, Benno and Mitsuoka 1983) Liu, Wang and Gu 2020.
Old synonym: Bifidobacterium gallinarum Watabe, Benno and Mitsuoka 1983.
Gram-positive slightly curved short rods with tapered ends, 0.6-0.8 x 1.0-4.0 µm,
occurring singly, in pairs or in short chains; swellings or club-shaped cells are
frequent and in liquid aged cultures some cells have short branches. Non-motile.
Non-spore-forming.
Colonies are smooth, flat to convex, entire, gray to grayish white, transparent to
translucent, soft, glistening, and punctiform to 1 mm in diameter after 2 days of
anaerobic incubation on BL agar. Growth temperature 37 ºC. Anaerobic or strictly
anaerobic.
Isolated from chicken ceca.
Undetermined.
- Biavati B, Mattarelli P, 2012. Genus I. Bifidobacterium Orla-Jensen 1924. In: Parte et al. (ed). Bergey’s manual of systematic
bacteriology: The Actinobacteria, Part A and B. Springer, New York, 171-206.
- Watabe J, Benno Y, and Mitsuoka T, 1983. Bifidobacterium gallinarum sp. nov.: a new species isolated from the ceca of chickens.
Int J Syst Bacteriology 33(2), 127-132.
- Watabe J, Benno Y, and Mitsuoka T, 2020. Proposal of Bifidobacterium saeculare Biavati et al. 1992 as a later heterotypic synonym
of Bifidobacterium gallinarum Watabe et al. 1983 and Bifidobacterium gallinarum subsp. saeculare subsp. nov. Int J Syst Evol
Microbiol. 70, 5964-5968.
Positive results for acid production from amygdalin, esculin, D-fructose, inulin, maltose, melibiose, raffinose, ribose, sucrose, and
xylose.
Negative results for ammonia production from arginine, catalase, gelatin liquefaction, H2S production, indole production, nitrate
reduction, acid production from amylopectin, amylose, D- and L-fucose, D-galactosamine, D-glucosamine, D-glucuronate, glycerol,
glycogen, inositol, D-mannitol, pectin, porcine gastric mucin, rhamnose, D-sorbitol, starch, and xylan.
Variable results for acid production from L-arabinose, cellobiose, dextrin, D-galactose, D-glucose, alpha-methylglucoside, D-lactose,
D-mannose, melezitose, salicin, and trehalose.
(c) Costin Stoica