Bifidobacterium angulatum
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum “Actinobacteria”, Class Actinobacteria, Order Bifidobacteriales, Family Bifidobacteriaceae, Genus Bifidobacterium,  
Bifidobacterium angulatum
Scardovi and Crociani 1974.
Gram-positive cells, 0.6-0.7 x 1.5-3.0 µm, generally and characteristically forming V
(angular) or palisade arrangements similar to corynebacteria. Branching is absent
and cells are rarely enlarged at the extremities; this morphological type is unique
among bifidobacteria. Non-motile. Non-spore-forming.
Colonies are pulvinate, smooth, entire margins, porcelain white, glistening, soft
consistency. Anaerobic. Growth temperature 28-42 ºC, optimum 39-40 ºC. Grows at
pH 6.3-7.2, optimum pH 6.5-6.9; nogrowth at pH 8.0.
Isolated from faeces of human adults and sewage.
Undetermined.
  1. Biavati B, Mattarelli P, 2012.  Genus I. Bifidobacterium Orla-Jensen 1924. In: Parte et al. (ed). Bergey’s manual of systematic
    bacteriology: The Actinobacteria,Part A and B. Springer, New York, 171-206.
  2. Scardovi V, Crociani F, 1974. Bifidobacterium catenulatum, Bifidobacterium dentium, and Bifidobacterium angulatum: three new
    species and their deoxyribonucleic acid homology relationships. Int J Syst Bacteriology  24(1), 6-20.
  3. Morita H, Nakano A, Onoda H, Toh H, Oshima K et al., 2011. Bifidobacterium kashiwanohense sp. nov., isolated from healthy infant
    faeces. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 61, 2610-2615.
Positive results for alpha- and beta-galactosidase, alpha- and beta-glucosidase, leucine arylamidase, Voges-Proskauer test acid
production from amylopectin, L-arabinose,
dextrin, D-fructose, D-galactose, D-glucose, inulin, D-lactose, maltose, melibiose, raffinose,
D-ribose, salicin, starch, sucrose, and D-xylose.

Negative results for acid and alkaline phosphatase, catalase, cystine arylamidase, esterase lipase (C8), esterase (C4),
alpha-
fucosidase,
beta-glucuronidase, gelatin liquefaction, indole production, lipase (C14), alpha-mannosidase, nitrate reduction, N-acetyl-
beta-glucosaminidase,
naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase, trypsin, alpha-chymotrypsin, urease, valine arylamidase, acid production
from amylose, cellobiose, dextran, L- and D-fucose, glycerol, D-glucuronate, D-mannitol, D-mannose, melezitose, pectin, porcine
gastric mucin, rhamnose, trehalose, and xylan.

Variable results for acid production from D-galactosamine, gluconate, D-glucosamine, and D-sorbitol.
(c) Costin Stoica
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