| Bifidobacterium adolescentis |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum “Actinobacteria”, Class Actinobacteria, Order Bifidobacteriales, Family Bifidobacteriaceae, Genus Bifidobacterium,
Bifidobacterium adolescentis Reuter 1963.
Four biovars were identified, a, b, c and d, based on serological reactions and differences mainly in the fermentations of mannitol and
sorbitol.
Synonyms: Bifidobacterium stercoris Kim et al. 2010, a later heterotypic synonym of Bifidobacterium adolescentis Reuter 1963 (Killer
et al. 2013).
Bifidobacterium adolescentis Reuter 1963.
Four biovars were identified, a, b, c and d, based on serological reactions and differences mainly in the fermentations of mannitol and
sorbitol.
Synonyms: Bifidobacterium stercoris Kim et al. 2010, a later heterotypic synonym of Bifidobacterium adolescentis Reuter 1963 (Killer
et al. 2013).
Gram-positive short or long (up to 6.0 µm), curved, occasionally bifurcated rods.
Non-motile. Non-spore-forming.
Non-motile. Non-spore-forming.
Colonies are white, with a glistening surface, an umbonate side view and a mucoid
texture, and 1.0-1,5 mm in diameter after 2 days at 37 ºC in anaerobiosis on
Bifidobacterium medium agar (DSMZ medium 58). Facultatively anaerobic. Optimum
growth temperature is 35-37 ºC. Can grow at 45 ºC; weak growth at 25 ºC. No growth
at 20 or 46.5 ºC. Grows in 0.1% bile salts, but not in 0.15% bile salts.
texture, and 1.0-1,5 mm in diameter after 2 days at 37 ºC in anaerobiosis on
Bifidobacterium medium agar (DSMZ medium 58). Facultatively anaerobic. Optimum
growth temperature is 35-37 ºC. Can grow at 45 ºC; weak growth at 25 ºC. No growth
at 20 or 46.5 ºC. Grows in 0.1% bile salts, but not in 0.15% bile salts.
Isolated from faeces of human adults and infants, appendix, dental caries and vagina, bovine rumen, and sewage.
Non-pathogenic for man or animals.
- Biavati B, Mattarelli P, 2012. Genus I. Bifidobacterium Orla-Jensen 1924. In: Parte et al. (ed). Bergey’s manual of systematic
bacteriology: The Actinobacteria,Part A and B. Springer, New York, 171-206. - Rogosa M. 1975. Genus III. Bifidobacterium Orla-Jensen 1924. In: Buchanan RE & Gibbons NE (ed). Bergey’s manual of
determinative bacteriology, Eight Edition, The Williams & Wilkins Company, Baltimore, 669-676. - Kim MS, Roh SW, Bae JW, 2010. Bifidobacterium stercoris sp. nov., isolated from human faeces. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 60, 2823-
2827. - Killer J, Sedlacek I, Rada V, Havlik J, Kopecny J, 2013. Reclassification of Bifidobacterium stercoris Kim et al. 2010 as a later
heterotypic synonym of Bifidobacterium adolescentis. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 63, 4350-4353. - Choi JH, Lee KM, Lee MK, Cha CJ and Kim GB, 2014. Bifidobacterium faecale sp. nov., isolated from human faeces. Int J Syst Evol
Microbiol 64, 3134-3139.
Description is based on API 20A, API 50 CHL, API ZYM, and API Rapid ID 32A results.
Positive results for acid phosphatase, arginine arylamidase, esculin hydrolysis, alpha- and beta-galactosidase, alpha- and
beta-glucosidase, glycine arylamidase, histidine arylamidase, leucine arylamidase, proline arylamidase, acid production from
amygdalin, amylopectin, D-glucose, gluconate (with gas production), D-lactose, maltose, raffinose and starch.
Negative results for alkaline phosphatase, arginine dihydrolase, alanine arylamidase, cystine arylamidase, catalase, esterase (C4),
alpha-fucosidase, gelatin hydrolysis, beta-glucuronidase, indole production, lipase (C14), alpha-mannosidase, nitrate reduction,
N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, oxidase, pyroglutamic acid arylamidase, trypsin, alpha-chymotrypsin, urease, valine arylamidase, acid
production from D-adonitol, D- and L-arabitol, D-arabinose, dextran, dulcitol, erythritol, L- and D-fucose, glycerol, D-galactosamine,
D-glucosamine, D-glucuronate, inositol, 2- and 5-ketogluconate, D-lyxose, methyl alpha-D-mannoside, methyl beta-D-xyloside,
N-acetylglucosamine, pectin, porcine gastric mucin, rhamnose, L-sorbose, tagatose, xylan, xylitol and L-xylose.
Variable results for esterase lipase (C8), naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase, phenylalanine arylamidase, serine arylamidase, tyrosine
arylamidase, acid production from L-arabinose, arbutin, cellobiose, D-fructose, D-galactose, glycogen, gentiobiose, inulin, D-mannitol,
D-mannose, melezitose, melibiose, D-ribose, salicin, D-sorbitol, sucrose, turanose, trehalose, D-xylose, amylose and methyl
alpha-D-glucoside.
Positive results for acid phosphatase, arginine arylamidase, esculin hydrolysis, alpha- and beta-galactosidase, alpha- and
beta-glucosidase, glycine arylamidase, histidine arylamidase, leucine arylamidase, proline arylamidase, acid production from
amygdalin, amylopectin, D-glucose, gluconate (with gas production), D-lactose, maltose, raffinose and starch.
Negative results for alkaline phosphatase, arginine dihydrolase, alanine arylamidase, cystine arylamidase, catalase, esterase (C4),
alpha-fucosidase, gelatin hydrolysis, beta-glucuronidase, indole production, lipase (C14), alpha-mannosidase, nitrate reduction,
N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, oxidase, pyroglutamic acid arylamidase, trypsin, alpha-chymotrypsin, urease, valine arylamidase, acid
production from D-adonitol, D- and L-arabitol, D-arabinose, dextran, dulcitol, erythritol, L- and D-fucose, glycerol, D-galactosamine,
D-glucosamine, D-glucuronate, inositol, 2- and 5-ketogluconate, D-lyxose, methyl alpha-D-mannoside, methyl beta-D-xyloside,
N-acetylglucosamine, pectin, porcine gastric mucin, rhamnose, L-sorbose, tagatose, xylan, xylitol and L-xylose.
Variable results for esterase lipase (C8), naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase, phenylalanine arylamidase, serine arylamidase, tyrosine
arylamidase, acid production from L-arabinose, arbutin, cellobiose, D-fructose, D-galactose, glycogen, gentiobiose, inulin, D-mannitol,
D-mannose, melezitose, melibiose, D-ribose, salicin, D-sorbitol, sucrose, turanose, trehalose, D-xylose, amylose and methyl
alpha-D-glucoside.
(c) Costin Stoica
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