| Paenibacillus antarcticus |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Firmicutes, Class Bacilli, Order Bacillales, Family Paenibacillaceae, Genus Paenibacillus, Paenibacillus antarcticus Montes,
Mercade, Bozal and Guinea 2004.
Mercade, Bozal and Guinea 2004.
Gram-variable, rods, 0.7 x 1.5 μm. Motile by peritrichous flagella. Produce ellipsoidal
spores positioned terminally / subterminally in swollen sporangia.
spores positioned terminally / subterminally in swollen sporangia.
Colonies are slightly convex, cream, nonpigmented, brigt on Triptic Soy Agar. Aerobic,
facultatively anaerobic. Psychrotolerant; growth temperature 4 to 31 ºC, optimum
10-15 ºC. Grow at 4.5-9.0 pH (optimum 7.0) and in 2% and 4% NaCl, but not in 5%
NaCl media.
facultatively anaerobic. Psychrotolerant; growth temperature 4 to 31 ºC, optimum
10-15 ºC. Grow at 4.5-9.0 pH (optimum 7.0) and in 2% and 4% NaCl, but not in 5%
NaCl media.
Isolated from sediment collected in Chlorite Lake on the Byers Peninsula of Livingston Island , South Shetland Islands, Antarctic.
Resistant to lysozyme 0.001%.
Resistant to lysozyme 0.001%.
Undetermined.
- Priest F.G., 2009. Genus I. Paenibacillus Ash, Priest and Collins 1994. In: (Eds.) P.D. Vos, G. Garrity, D. Jones, N.R. Krieg, W.
Ludwig, F.A. Rainey, K.-H. Schleifer, W.B. Whitman. Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume 3: The Firmicutes,
Springer, 269-295. - Montes J. Mercade E., Bozal N. and Guinea J., 2004. Paenibacillus antarcticus sp. nov., a novel psychrotolerant organism from the
Antarctic environment. IJSEM 54, 1521-1526.
Positive results for catalase, oxidase, hydrolysis of esculin, hydrolysis of starch,
hydrolysis of urea, hydrolysis of Tween 80 acid production from: amygdalin,
L-arabinose, cellobiose, fructose, galactose, D-glucose, beta-gentiobiose, lactose, maltose, mannose, melibiose,
methyl-beta-D-xyloside, methyl-alpha-D-glucoside, methyl red, N-acetylglucosamine, raffinose, ribose, salicin, starch, sucrose,
trehalose, turanose and D-xylose.
Negative results for nitrate reduction, hydrolysis of casein, hydrolysis of gelatin, Voges-Proskauer test, DN-ase , arginine dihydrolase,
lysine decarboxylase, ornithine decarboxylase, indole production, dihydroxyacetone, degradation of tyrosine, citrate utilization,
deamination of phenylalanine, tryptophan deaminase, acid production from: adonitol, arbutin, D-arabinose, D- or L-arabitol, dulcitol,
erythritol, aesculin, D- or L-fucose, gluconate, glycogen, glycerol, H2S production, 2- or 5-ketogluconate, lyxose, D-mannitol,
melezitose, inositol inulin, rhamnose, sorbitol, sorbose, tagatose xylitol and L-xylose.
hydrolysis of urea, hydrolysis of Tween 80 acid production from: amygdalin,
L-arabinose, cellobiose, fructose, galactose, D-glucose, beta-gentiobiose, lactose, maltose, mannose, melibiose,
methyl-beta-D-xyloside, methyl-alpha-D-glucoside, methyl red, N-acetylglucosamine, raffinose, ribose, salicin, starch, sucrose,
trehalose, turanose and D-xylose.
Negative results for nitrate reduction, hydrolysis of casein, hydrolysis of gelatin, Voges-Proskauer test, DN-ase , arginine dihydrolase,
lysine decarboxylase, ornithine decarboxylase, indole production, dihydroxyacetone, degradation of tyrosine, citrate utilization,
deamination of phenylalanine, tryptophan deaminase, acid production from: adonitol, arbutin, D-arabinose, D- or L-arabitol, dulcitol,
erythritol, aesculin, D- or L-fucose, gluconate, glycogen, glycerol, H2S production, 2- or 5-ketogluconate, lyxose, D-mannitol,
melezitose, inositol inulin, rhamnose, sorbitol, sorbose, tagatose xylitol and L-xylose.
(c) Costin Stoica
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