Clostridium cellulolyticum
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Firmicutes, Class Clostridia, Order Clostridiales, Family Clostridiaceae, Genus Clostridium, Cluster III (non-Clostridium
sensu stricto),
Clostridium cellulolyticum  Petitdemange, Caillet, Giallo and Gaudin 1984.
Gram-positive, straight or slightly curved rods, 0.6-1.0 x 3-6 µm, occuring singly or in
pairs. Motile by peritrichous flagella. Spores are sphaerical, terminal, swelling the
cell. Spores are 1.5 μm in diameter, and appear on cellulose media that is 3 days or
more or old.
Anaerobic. On cellulose agar medium colonies appear after 5 to 6 days of incubation
at 35 ºC . Surface colonies are 0.5 mm in diameter, translucent, smooth, not
pigmented, have a butyrous texture, and have undulate margins. Clear zones of
cellulose around colonies are 1-4 mm in diameter. No growth occurs in chopped
meat broth.
Grows at 25-45 ºC and pH 5.2-7.0. Optimum temperature 32-35 ºC.
Isolated from a decayed grass compost that had been packed for 3-4 months. Spores resist a temperature of 100 ºC for 30 min.
Undetermined.
  1. N.A. Logan and P. De Vos, 2009. Genus I. Clostridium Prazmowski 1880. In: (Eds.) P.D. Vos, G. Garrity, D. Jones, N.R. Krieg, W.
    Ludwig, F.A. Rainey, K.-H. Schleifer, W.B. Whitman. Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume 3: The Firmicutes,
    Springer, 738-828.
  2. Petitdemange E., Caillet F., Giallo J. and Gaudin C., 1984. Clostridium cellulolyticum sp. nov., a Cellulolytic, Mesophilic Species
    from Decayed Grass. IJSB 34, 2, 155-159.
Cellulose is fermented to carbon dioxide, hydrogen, acetate, ethanol, lactate, and formate. Milk reaction is negative.

Positive results for hydrogen production, esculin hydrolysis, substrate utilized and/or acid produced from: arabinose, cellobiose,
cellulose, fructose, galactose (weak), glucose, mannose (weak), ribose (weak) & xylose.

Negative results for catalase, casein hydrolysis, gelatin hydrolysis, H
2S production, indole production, lecithinase, lipase, starch
hydrolysis, urease, Voges-Proskauer test, nitrate reduction, substrate utilized and/or acid produced from: adonitol, amygdalin, dulcitol,
erythritol, glycogen, glycerol, inositol, inulin, lactose, maltose, mannitol, melezitose, raffinose, rhamnose, salicin, sorbitol, sorbose,
sucrose & trehalose.
(c) Costin Stoica
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