| Chromobacterium pseudoviolaceum |
Colonies are smooth, shiny and convex with spreading edges, 1.0-2.0 mm in
diameter, and are non-fluorescent. A violet pigment is produced. The optimal
temperature for growth is 32 ºC. The optimal pH for growth is 6.0; growth occurs
at pH 5 and 9.5, but not at pH 4.0 or 10. Growth occurs in the presence of 0-3.5% (w/v)
NaCl; optimum in 0-0.1% (w/v) NaCl. Good growth occurs after 48 h incubation on
tryptone soy agar (TSA) and nutrient agar (NA) at 32 ºC. Aerobic. No anaerobic growth
in the presence of nitrate.
diameter, and are non-fluorescent. A violet pigment is produced. The optimal
temperature for growth is 32 ºC. The optimal pH for growth is 6.0; growth occurs
at pH 5 and 9.5, but not at pH 4.0 or 10. Growth occurs in the presence of 0-3.5% (w/v)
NaCl; optimum in 0-0.1% (w/v) NaCl. Good growth occurs after 48 h incubation on
tryptone soy agar (TSA) and nutrient agar (NA) at 32 ºC. Aerobic. No anaerobic growth
in the presence of nitrate.
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Proteobacteria, Class Betaproteobacteria, Order Neisseriales, Family Chromobacteriaceae, Genus Chromobacterium,
Chromobacterium pseudoviolaceum Kampfer et al. 2009.
Chromobacterium pseudoviolaceum Kampfer et al. 2009.
Gram-negative rods, 0.3-0.5 / 1.5–2 μm. Motile.
Isolated from environmental samples.
Undetermined.
- Kampfer P, Busse H, Scholz H. 2009. Chromobacterium piscinae sp. nov. and Chromobacterium pseudoviolaceum sp. nov., from
environmental samples Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 59(10):2486-2490 doi:10.1099/ijs.0.008888-0. - Euzeby (J.P.): List of Bacterial Names with Standing in Nomenclature: a folder available on the Internet. Int. J. Syst. Bacteriol.,
1997, 47, 590-592. (List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature. https://www.bacterio.net).
Can be differentiated from C. piscinae by no utilization of cis-aconitate, propionate & DL-3-hydroxybutyrate.
Positive results for nitrate reduction to nitrite, oxidase, acid production from: glucose, mannose & trehalose.
Can utilize: L-aspartate, L-proline, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, D-fructose, D-glucose, gluconate, D-ribose, trehalose, fumarate, acetate,
DL-lactate, L-malate, pyruvate, L-alanine, beta-alanine, L-histidine & L-serine.
Negative results for catalase, esculin hydrolysis, indole production, acid production from: adonitol, L-arabinose,D-arabitol, cellobiose,
dulcitol, erythritol, inositol, lactose, D-mannitol, melibiose, D-mannose, maltose, methyl D-glucoside, raffinose, L-rhamnose, salicin,
sucrose & sorbitol.
No utilization of: citrate, myo-inositol, D-mannitol, D-sorbitol, putrescine, oxoglutarate, L-leucine, N-acetyl-D-galactosamine,
trans-aconitate, adipate, 4-aminobutyrate, azelate, glutarate, itaconate, mesaconate, suberate, L-ornithine, L-phenylalanine,
L-tryptophan, phenylacetate, oxoglutarate, 3- and 4-hydroxybenzoate.
Positive results for nitrate reduction to nitrite, oxidase, acid production from: glucose, mannose & trehalose.
Can utilize: L-aspartate, L-proline, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine, D-fructose, D-glucose, gluconate, D-ribose, trehalose, fumarate, acetate,
DL-lactate, L-malate, pyruvate, L-alanine, beta-alanine, L-histidine & L-serine.
Negative results for catalase, esculin hydrolysis, indole production, acid production from: adonitol, L-arabinose,D-arabitol, cellobiose,
dulcitol, erythritol, inositol, lactose, D-mannitol, melibiose, D-mannose, maltose, methyl D-glucoside, raffinose, L-rhamnose, salicin,
sucrose & sorbitol.
No utilization of: citrate, myo-inositol, D-mannitol, D-sorbitol, putrescine, oxoglutarate, L-leucine, N-acetyl-D-galactosamine,
trans-aconitate, adipate, 4-aminobutyrate, azelate, glutarate, itaconate, mesaconate, suberate, L-ornithine, L-phenylalanine,
L-tryptophan, phenylacetate, oxoglutarate, 3- and 4-hydroxybenzoate.
(c) Costin Stoica
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