Paenibacillus dendritiformis
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Firmicutes, Class Bacilli, Order Bacillales, Family Paenibacillaceae, Genus Paenibacillus, Paenibacillus  dendritiformis  
Tcherpakov, Ben-Jacob and Gutnick 1999.
Gram-negative, motile rods, 0.5–1.0 x 2.0–3.0 μm (T morphotype) or 1.0–1.5 x 4.0–6.0
μm (C morphotype). Produce ellipsoidal, round or cylindrical spores in swollen
sporangia.
T morphotype: branched colony morphology (complex symmetrical tip-splitting) on
thin, peptone agar plates.
C morphotype: chiral morphology on thin, peptone agar plates. On 2.0% agar plates
containing 0.5 % yeast extract, 1.0% bactotryptone and 1.0% NaCl, colonies are non-
pigmented, translucent, thin, smooth, regular, entire and 1.0-2.0 mm in diameter
the transformation of C–T morphotypes and vice versa depends on the agar
concentration of the medium (0.7-1.2% agar for C type and minimum 1.5 % agar for T
type); such transitions generally require a period of about 48 hours at 30 ºC.
Aerobic & anaerobic growth. Optimum temperature 37 ºC; range 20-45 ºC, no growth
at 50 ºC. Grow in 2% and 5% NaCl media. Grow at pH 5.6-5.7.
Habitat: soil. Occasionally isolated from cultures of Bacillus subtilis.
Undetermined.
  1. Priest F.G., 2009. Genus I. Paenibacillus Ash, Priest and Collins 1994. In: (Eds.) P.D. Vos, G. Garrity, D. Jones, N.R. Krieg, W.
    Ludwig, F.A. Rainey, K.-H. Schleifer, W.B. Whitman. Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume 3: The Firmicutes,
    Springer, 269-295.
  2. Tcherpakov M., Ben-Jacob E. and Gutnick D. L., 1999. Paenibacillus dendritiformis sp. nov., proposal for a new pattern-forming
    species and its localization within a phylogenetic cluster. IJSB 49, 239-246.
Positive results for catalase, oxidase, hydrolysis of urea, hydrolysis of starch, hydrolysis of casein, indole production, acid production
from: cellobiose, D-glucose, mannose, sucrose & trehalose.

Negative results for citrate utilization, nitrate reduction, dihydroxyacetone production, degradation of tyrosine, hydrolysis of Tween 80,
Voges-Proskauer, acid production from: L-arabinose, D-fructose, lactose, D-mannitol & D-xylose.
(c) Costin Stoica
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